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Abstract Gastropod molluscs such asAplysia,Lymnaea, andTritoniahave been important for determining fundamental rules of motor control, learning, and memory because of their large, individually identifiable neurons. Yet only a small number of gastropod neurons have known molecular markers, limiting the ability to establish brain‐wide structure–function relations. Here we combine high‐throughput, single‐cell RNA sequencing with in situ hybridization chain reaction in the nudibranchBerghia stephanieaeto identify and visualize the expression of markers for cell types. Broad neuronal classes were characterized by genes associated with neurotransmitters, like acetylcholine, glutamate, serotonin, and GABA, as well as neuropeptides. These classes were subdivided by other genes including transcriptional regulators and unannotated genes. Marker genes expressed by neurons and glia formed discrete, previously unrecognized regions within and between ganglia. This study provides the foundation for understanding the fundamental cellular organization of gastropod nervous systems.
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A conserved gastropod withdrawal circuit in Biomphalaria glabrata , an intermediate host for schistosomiasis
Neuronal signals mediated by the biogenic amine serotonin underlie critical survival strategies across the animal kingdom. This investigation identified a group of serotonergic cells in the panpulmonate snail Biomphalaria glabrata that appear to be homologous to neurons that mediate withdrawal responses in other gastropod taxa. It is proposed that an ancient withdrawal circuit has been highly conserved in three major gastropod lineages.
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- PAR ID:
- 10527594
- Publisher / Repository:
- American Physiological Society
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Journal of Neurophysiology
- Volume:
- 131
- Issue:
- 5
- ISSN:
- 0022-3077
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 903 to 913
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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- Free Publicly Accessible Full Text
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Accepted Manuscript1.0
- Journal Article:
- https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00390.2023
