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1. Work in Progress: Fostering Team Science in an Engineering Education Research Team

   Valdes-Vasquez, R; Sanford, K L; Paige, F; Parker, P J (June 2024, ASEE)

   This poster displays results from a project supported by an NSF grant to enhance interdisciplinary collaboration in civil and environmental engineering education. In its second year, part of the project focused on improving team science competencies within the core research group. Key activities included workshops on collaborative writing and grant writing best practices. The team attended a Science of Team Science (SciTS) workshop to refine collaboration skills and responded to the Teaming Readiness Survey, which revealed strengths in valuing expertise but identified areas for improvement, such as role clarity and effective communication. In addition, the team responded to a Social Network Analysis Survey that showcased a growing network of research ties, indicating a robust collaborative environment, particularly among Principal Investigators. The preliminary results highlight a development in the team’s effectiveness and psychological safety ratings, fostering trust and collaboration. The social network evolved from professional to social connections, with new members gradually integrating into the team. The research team concludes that focusing on collaborative skills and effective communication strengthens interdisciplinary collaboration in the changing scientific landscape. 

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2. Learning Each Other’s Language and Building Trust: Community-Engaged Transdisciplinary Team Building for Research on Human Trafficking Operations and Disruption

   https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069221101966  

   Martin, Lauren; Gupta, Mahima; Maass, Kayse L.; Melander, Christina; Singerhouse, Emily; Barrick, Kelle; Samad, Tariq; Sharkey, Thomas C.; Ayler, Tonique; Forliti, Teresa; et al (January 2022, International Journal of Qualitative Methods)

   Background: Human trafficking for sexual exploitation (referred to as sex trafficking) is a complex global challenge that causes harm and violates human rights. Most research has focused on victim-level harms and experiences, with limited understanding of the networks and business functions of trafficking operations. Empirical evidence is lacking on how to disrupt trafficking operations because it is difficult to study; it is hidden and dangerous, spans academic disciplinary boundaries, and necessitates ways of knowing that include lived experience. Collaborative approaches are needed, but there is limited research on methods to best build transdisciplinary teams. Aim: The aim of this study was to understand how to form a community-engaged transdisciplinary research team that combines qualitative and operations research with a survivor-centered advisory group. Methods: We conducted a qualitative meta-study of our team that is seeking to mathematically model sex trafficking operations. Data were collected from the minutes of 16 team meetings and a survey of 13 team members. Results: Analysis of meeting minutes surfaced four themes related to content and style of communication, one related to value statements, and one capturing intentional team building efforts. Survey results highlighted respect, trust, integrity, openness and asking and answering questions as key aspects of team building. Results show that an action research approach to team building, focused on trust and communication, fostered effective collaboration among social scientists, operations researchers, and survivors of trafficking. Conclusion: Team building, shared language, and trust are essential, yet often neglected, elements of team science. This meta-study provides important methodological insights on community engaged transdisciplinary team formation to tackle vexing social challenges. 

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3. Teaching Team Collaboration in Cybersecurity: A Case Study from the Transactive Memory Systems Perspective

   https://doi.org/10.1109/EDUCON46332.2021.9453894  

   Yoon, Kay; Chang, Sang-Yoon (April 2021, IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON))

   Recent trends in the cybersecurity workforce have recognized that effective solutions for complex problems require collective efforts from individuals with diverse sets of knowledge, skills, and abilities. Therefore, the growing need to train students in team collaboration skills propelled educators in computer science and engineering to adopt team-based pedagogical strategies. Team-based pedagogy has shown success in enhancing students' knowledge in course subjects and their motivation in learning. However, it is limited in offering concrete frameworks specifically focusing on how to teach team collaboration skills. As part of an interdisciplinary effort, we draw on Transactive Memory Systems Theory-a communication theory that explains how individuals in groups learn who knows what and organize who does what-in developing a Team Knowledge Sharing Assignment as a tool for student teams to structure their team collaboration processes. This paper reports a result of a case study in designing and facilitating the assignment for cybersecurity students enrolled in a scholarship program. Students' evaluations and the instructor's assessment reveal that the assignment made a positive impact on students' team collaboration skills by helping them successfully identify their team members' expertise and capitalize on their team's knowledge resources when delegating functional roles. Based on this case study, we offer practical suggestions on how the assignment could be used for various classes or cybersecurity projects and how instructors could maximize its benefits. 

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4. Evaluating Collaborative Readiness for Interdisciplinary Flood Research

   Tate, E.; Decker, V.; Just, C. (December 2018, Risk analysis)

   Increasing trends in global flood risk are driven by a complex web of interactions among natural, built environment, and social systems. As a result, flood resilience research is an ideal topic for an interdisciplinary approach. Core characteristics of interdisciplinary research are team collaboration and the systematic integration of disciplinary knowledge, in both problem formulation and analytical methods. Indicators of interdisciplinarity tend to focus on scholarly outcomes, but collaborative processes may be even more important for knowledge integration. In this Perspective piece, we outline and advocate a two‐pronged approach to enhance potential for integrating knowledge: using collaborative proximity to assess team readiness to conduct interdisciplinary research and employing program evaluation to assess change in proximity components over time. To do so, we draw on scholarship in economic geography, team science, and program evaluation. We then connect the findings to a case study of collaboration within our interdisciplinary team of flood researchers, program evaluators, and local stakeholders, as we navigate a multi‐institutional project on flood resilience. 

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5. Developing a Writing Rubric to Answer Research Questions (not for Grading!)

   Lynch, J W; Aller, B M; Sorby, S A; Murphy, T J (April 2024, ASEE Peer)

   Industry leaders emphasize that engineering students' technical communication and writing skills must be improved. Despite various institutional efforts, which include technical communication courses or engineering design projects aimed at enhancing students’ communication abilities, many believe there has been only slow improvement in this area. There has also been a dearth of longitudinal studies that examine the development of engineering students’ technical communication competencies from undergraduate to industry. This paper aims to contribute to this area through the creation of a rubric that specifically examines the writing competencies and technical communication ability of engineering students. This paper is part of a larger, NSF-funded research study that examines the quality of students’ written and oral communication skills and seeks to understand their relationship to the students’ spatial abilities. First-year engineering students in their second semester at a large R1 Midwestern university were examined. Students were tasked with creating a written report responding to a set of questions that asked about their team-based engineering design project completed in their first semester. As this occurred months prior, this non-graded report became a reflection on their experience and innate abilities. While low stakes, it mimicked a more authentic writing experience students encounter in industry. Students' responses were examined collaboratively by an interdisciplinary team which created a rubric through an iterative process. This rubric was distributed to the interdisciplinary team and outside evaluators composed of individuals in industry and engineering faculty. An inter-rater reliability analysis was conducted to examine levels of agreement between the interdisciplinary team and outside evaluators, and implications of this inter-rater reliability score and the process of rubric application were documented. Results of this paper include details on the development of a rubric that examine students’ technical communication and writing skills. Traditional rubrics utilized by engineering faculty usually address an entire project for engineering students, which includes students' content knowledge, writing capabilities, and the requirements of the project. Such rubrics are often used to provide feedback to students and evaluation in the form of grades. The narrower focus of the rubric being developed here can provide insights into communication and writing competencies of engineering students. Scores secured through the use of this rubric will aid in the research study’s goal of finding correlations between engineering students’ communication skills and spatial abilities (assessed outside of this current effort). Spatial ability has been well-documented as an effective indicator of success in STEM, and interventions have been developed to support development in students with weaker spatial skills. 23, 24This has prompted this research to explore links between spatial skills and communication abilities, as validated spatial interventions may help improve communication abilities. These current results may also provide unique insights into first-year engineering students’ writing competencies when reporting on a more authentic (non-graded) engineering task. Such information may be useful in eventually shaping guidance of students’ communication instruction in hopes of better preparing them for industry; this is the focus of a planned future research study. 

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