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   Eyisi, Chiebuka; Li, Qifeng (September 2024, CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems)

   This paper investigates integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) in microgrids (MGs) through two-stage power conversion structures consisting of DC-DC boost converter and DC-AC voltage source converter (VSC) subsystems. In contrast to existing investigations that treated DC-link voltage as an ideal constant voltage, this paper considers the non-ideal dynamic coupling between both subsystems for completeness and higher accuracy, which introduces additional DC-side dynamics to the VSC. The analysis shows parameters of the boost converter's power model that impact stability through the DC-link. Carefully selecting these parameters can mitigate this effect on stability and improve dynamic performance across the DC-link. Hence, an optimization framework is developed to facilitate in selecting adequate boost converter parameters in designing a stable voltage source converter-based microgrid (VSC-MG). The developed optimization framework, based on particle swarm optimization, considers dynamic coupling between both subsystems and is also effective in avoiding inadequate boost converter parameters capable of propagating instability through the DC-link to the VSC. Simulations are performed with MATLAB/Simulink to validate theoretical analyses. 

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   Dual-Path (DP) DC-DC converters have been proposed as an alternative to traditional hybrid switched capacitor (SC) converters that can operate with a smaller, lower-quality, or higher effective series-resistance ESR inductor. The dual-path approach uses a partially hard-switched flying capacitor to reduce DC inductor current and associated resistive conduction losses. However, the SC hard-charging losses and higher inductor current ripple can partially or completely offset the advantage of reduced inductor DC current depending on the operating conditions and component parameters. In this work, we develop a unified model for all four 2:1 SC-based DP converters that captures SC hard-charging loss and inductor conduction loss as a function of conversion ratio, switching frequency, flying capacitance, and inductor ESR with fixed-volume inductor scaling. While there are regimes where the DP approach has advantages, there are also many scenarios where the traditional hybrid approach outperforms the respective dual-path alternative. 

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