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1. Geography of symplectic Lefschetz fibrations and rational blowdowns

   https://doi.org/10.1090/tran/8968  

   Baykur, R; Korkmaz, Mustafa; Simone, Jonathan (July 2024, Transactions of the American Mathematical Society)

   We produce simply-connected, minimal, symplectic Lefschetz fibrations realizing all the lattice points in the symplectic geography plane below the Noether line. This provides asymplecticextension of the classical works populating the complex geography plane with holomorphic Lefschetz fibrations. Our examples are obtained by rationally blowing down Lefschetz fibrations with clustered nodal fibers, the total spaces of which are potentially new homotopy elliptic surfaces. Similarly, clustering nodal fibers on higher genera Lefschetz fibrations on standard rational surfaces, we get rational blowdown configurations that yield new constructions of small symplectic exotic $4$–manifolds. We present an example of a construction of a minimal symplectic exotic $\mathbb{C}\mathbb{P}{}^2\mathrm{\#<\#comment/>}5\stackrel{¯<\#comment/>}{\mathbb{C}\mathbb{P}}{}^2$through this procedure applied to a genus– $3$fibration. 

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2. Type-I permanence

   https://doi.org/10.1090/ert/648  

   Chirvasitu, Alexandru (July 2023, Representation Theory of the American Mathematical Society)

   We prove a number of results on the survival of the type-I property under extensions of locally compact groups: (a) that given a closed normal embedding $\mathbb{N}⊴<\#comment/>\mathbb{E}$of locally compact groups and a twisted action $(\mathrm{\alpha <\#comment/>},\mathrm{\tau <\#comment/>})$thereof on a (post)liminal $C^{\ast <\#comment/>}$-algebra $A$the twisted crossed product $A{⋊<\#comment/>}_{\mathrm{\alpha <\#comment/>},\mathrm{\tau <\#comment/>}}\mathbb{E}$is again (post)liminal and (b) a number of converses to the effect that under various conditions a normal, closed, cocompact subgroup $\mathbb{N}⊴<\#comment/>\mathbb{E}$is type-I as soon as $\mathbb{E}$is. This happens for instance if $\mathbb{N}$is discrete and $\mathbb{E}$is Lie, or if $\mathbb{N}$is finitely-generated discrete (with no further restrictions except cocompactness). Examples show that there is not much scope for dropping these conditions. In the same spirit, call a locally compact group $\mathbb{G}$type-I-preserving if all semidirect products $\mathbb{N}⋊<\#comment/>\mathbb{G}$are type-I as soon as $\mathbb{N}$is, andlinearlytype-I-preserving if the same conclusion holds for semidirect products $V⋊<\#comment/>\mathbb{G}$arising from finite-dimensional $\mathbb{G}$-representations. We characterize the (linearly) type-I-preserving groups that are (1) discrete-by-compact-Lie, (2) nilpotent, or (3) solvable Lie. 

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3. Bohr recurrence and density of non-lacunary semigroups of ℕ

   https://doi.org/10.1090/proc/17006  

   Frantzikinakis, Nikos; Host, Bernard; Kra, Bryna (January 2025, Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society)

   A subset $R$of integers is a set of Bohr recurrence if every rotation on ${\mathbb{T}}^d$returns arbitrarily close to zero under some non-zero multiple of $R$. We show that the set $\{k!2^m{3}^n:<\#comment/>k,m,n\in <\#comment/>\mathbb{N}\}$is a set of Bohr recurrence. This is a particular case of a more general statement about images of such sets under any integer polynomial with zero constant term. We also show that if $P$is a real polynomial with at least one non-constant irrational coefficient, then the set $\left\{P\right(2^m{3}^n):<\#comment/>m,n\in <\#comment/>\mathbb{N}\}$is dense in $\mathbb{T}$, thus providing a joint generalization of two well-known results, one of Furstenberg and one of Weyl. 

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4. A modular construction of unramified 𝑝-extensions of ℚ(ℕ^{1/𝕡})

   https://doi.org/10.1090/bproc/141  

   Lang, Jaclyn; Wake, Preston (October 2022, Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, Series B)

   We show that for primes $N,p\ge <\#comment/>5$with $N\equiv <\#comment/>-<\#comment/>1modp$, the class number of $\mathbb{Q}\left(N^{1/p}\right)$is divisible by $p$. Our methods are via congruences between Eisenstein series and cusp forms. In particular, we show that when $N\equiv <\#comment/>-<\#comment/>1modp$, there is always a cusp form of weight $2$and level ${\mathrm{\Gamma <\#comment/>}}_0\left(N^2\right)$whose $\mathrm{\ell <\#comment/>}$th Fourier coefficient is congruent to $\mathrm{\ell <\#comment/>}+1$modulo a prime above $p$, for all primes $\mathrm{\ell <\#comment/>}$. We use the Galois representation of such a cusp form to explicitly construct an unramified degree- $p$extension of $\mathbb{Q}\left(N^{1/p}\right)$. 

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5. The two-phase problem for harmonic measure in VMO and the chord-arc condition

   https://doi.org/10.1090/btran/197  

   Tolsa, Xavier; Toro, Tatiana (November 2024, Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, Series B)

   Let ${\mathrm{\Omega <\#comment/>}}^{+}\subset <\#comment/>{\mathbb{R}}^{n+1}$be a bounded $\mathrm{\delta <\#comment/>}$-Reifenberg flat domain, with $\mathrm{\delta <\#comment/>}>0$small enough, possibly with locally infinite surface measure. Assume also that ${\mathrm{\Omega <\#comment/>}}^{-<\#comment/>}={\mathbb{R}}^{n+1}\setminus <\#comment/>\stackrel{¯<\#comment/>}{{\mathrm{\Omega <\#comment/>}}^{+}}$is an NTA (non-tangentially accessible) domain as well and denote by ${\mathrm{\omega <\#comment/>}}^{+}$and ${\mathrm{\omega <\#comment/>}}^{-<\#comment/>}$the respective harmonic measures of ${\mathrm{\Omega <\#comment/>}}^{+}$and ${\mathrm{\Omega <\#comment/>}}^{-<\#comment/>}$with poles $p^{\pm <\#comment/>}\in <\#comment/>{\mathrm{\Omega <\#comment/>}}^{\pm <\#comment/>}$. In this paper we show that the condition that $\log <\#comment/>\frac{d{\mathrm{\omega <\#comment/>}}^{-<\#comment/>}}{d{\mathrm{\omega <\#comment/>}}^{+}}\in <\#comment/>\mathrm{VMO}<\#comment/>\left({\mathrm{\omega <\#comment/>}}^{+}\right)$is equivalent to ${\mathrm{\Omega <\#comment/>}}^{+}$being a chord-arc domain with inner unit normal belonging to $\mathrm{VMO}<\#comment/>\left({\mathcal{H}}^n{|}_{\mathrm{\partial <\#comment/>}{\mathrm{\Omega <\#comment/>}}^{+}}\right)$. 

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