skip to main content
US FlagAn official website of the United States government
dot gov icon
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
https lock icon
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( lock ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Title: ALHIC2201 and ALHIC2302 3D ECM and Layer Orientations
This dataset includes three-dimensional multitrack electrical conductivity measurements (3D ECM) results from measurements in the upper sections of the ALHIC2201 and ALHIC2302 large (241mm) diameter ice cores drilled in the Allan Hills blue ice area (76.73°S,159.36°E) in Victoria Land, East Antarctica. The data extends from the surface to 23.0 m depth in ALHIC2201 and from 8.5 m to 46.3 m depth in ALHIC2302. We include the raw 3D ECM data (AC and DC multitrack ECM measurements on perpendicular faces of a quarter-core cut) in CSV format and basic plots of this data. We also provide dip and dip direction estimates of the layering observed in each core section in a CSV table.  more » « less
Award ID(s):
2019719
PAR ID:
10608369
Author(s) / Creator(s):
; ; ; ;
Publisher / Repository:
U.S. Antarctic Program (USAP) Data Center
Date Published:
Subject(s) / Keyword(s):
Cryosphere
Format(s):
Medium: X
Location:
Allan Hills; Antarctica; (Latitude:-76.73; Longitude:159.36)
Right(s):
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Sponsoring Org:
National Science Foundation
More Like this
  1. Measurements were conducted to determine the carbonyl sulfide levels in ancient air preserved in the Greenland ice sheet using samples from the GISP2D and GISP2B ice cores from Summit, Greenland. The GISP2D is a fluid-drilled core and the GISP2B is a dry-drilled core. This data set includes four CSV files. Most of the measurements are from the GISP2D ice core and 3 out of the 4 data files associated with this submission include data from the GISP2D. Both dry and wet extraction methods were used to extract the ice core air. All dry extraction-based GISP2D data are presented in one file. The wet extraction-based data are split between 3 data files: 1) GISP2B data, 2) shallow GISP2D data, 3) deep GISP2D data. The shallow and deep wet extraction-based GISP2D data are presented in 2 separate files despite including some overlapping depths because the measurements were conducted over different time periods. All data are depth-coded and presented "as measured" with associated 1 sigma uncertainties after having gone through a preliminary quality control and having been finalized in terms of calibration. Note that the wet extraction-based measurements require a solubility correction before they can be compared with the dry extraction-based measurements from the same depths. 
    more » « less
  2. null (Ed.)
    Abstract Radar surveys across ice sheets typically measure numerous englacial layers that can often be regarded as isochrones. Such layers are valuable for extrapolating age–depth relationships away from ice-core locations, reconstructing palaeoaccumulation variability, and investigating past ice-sheet dynamics. However, the use of englacial layers in Antarctica has been hampered by underdeveloped techniques for characterising layer continuity and geometry over large distances, with techniques developed independently and little opportunity for inter-comparison of results. In this paper, we present a methodology to assess the performance of automated layer-tracking and layer-dip-estimation algorithms through their ability to propagate a correct age–depth model. We use this to assess isochrone-tracking techniques applied to two test case datasets, selected from CreSIS MCoRDS data over Antarctica from a range of environments including low-dip, continuous layers and layers with terminations. We find that dip-estimation techniques are generally successful in tracking englacial dip but break down in the upper and lower regions of the ice sheet. The results of testing two previously published layer-tracking algorithms show that further development is required to attain a good constraint of age–depth relationships away from dated ice cores. We recommend that auto-tracking techniques focus on improved linking of picked stratigraphy across signal disruptions to enable accurate determination of the Antarctic-wide age–depth structure. 
    more » « less
  3. The SUMup database is a compilation of surface mass balance (SMB), subsurface temperature and density measurements from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets. This 2023 release contains 4 490 442 data points: 1 778 540 SMB measurements, 2 706 413 density measurements and 5 489 subsurface temperature measurements. This is respectively 1 477 132, 420 825 and 4 715 additional observations of SMB, density and temperature compared to the 2022 release. This new release provides not only snow accumulation on ice sheets, like its predecessors, but all types of SMB measurements, including from ablation areas. On the other hand, snow depth on sea ice is discontinued, but can still be found in the previous releases. The data files are provided in both CSV and NetCDF format and contain, for each measurement, the following metadata: latitude, longitude, elevation, timestamp, method, reference of the data source and, when applicable, the name of the measurement group it belongs to (core name for SMB, profile name for density, station name for temperature). Data users are encouraged to cite all the original data sources that are being used. Issues about this release as well as suggestions of datasets to be added in next releases can be done on a dedicated user forum: https://github.com/SUMup-database/SUMup-data-suggestion/issues. Example scripts to use the SUMup 2023 files are made available on our script repository: https://github.com/SUMup-database/SUMup-example-scripts. 
    more » « less
  4. Abstract. The crystal orientation fabric (COF) of ice sheets records the past history ofice sheet deformation and influences present-day ice flow dynamics. Though notwidely implemented, coherent ice-penetrating radar is able to detect bulkanisotropic fabric patterns by exploiting the birefringence of ice crystals atradar frequencies, with the assumption that one of the crystallographic axesis aligned in the vertical direction. In this study, we conduct a suite ofquad-polarimetric measurements consisting of four orthogonal antennaorientation combinations near the Western Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) Divideice core site. From these measurements, we are able to quantify the azimuthalfabric asymmetry at this site to a depth of 1400 m at abulk-averaged resolution of up to 15 m. Our estimates of fabricasymmetry closely match corresponding fabric estimates directly measured fromthe WAIS Divide ice core. While ice core studies are often unable to determinethe absolute fabric orientation due to core rotation during extraction, we areable to identify and conclude that the fabric orientation is depth-invariantto at least 1400 m, equivalent to 6700 years BP (years before1950) and aligns closely with the modern surface strain direction at WAISDivide. Our results support the claim that the deformation regime at WAISDivide has not changed substantially through the majority of theHolocene. Rapid polarimetric determination of bulk fabric asymmetry andorientation compares well with much more laborious sample-based COFmeasurements from thin ice sections. Because it is the bulk-averaged fabricthat ultimately influences ice flow, polarimetric radar methods provide anopportunity for its accurate and widespread mapping and its incorporation intoice flow models. 
    more » « less
  5. First-year sea-ice thickness, draft, salinity, temperature, and density were measured during near-weekly surveys at the main first-year ice coring site (MCS-FYI) during the MOSAiC expedition (legs 1 to 4). The ice cores were extracted either with a 9-cm (Mark II) or 7.25-cm (Mark III) internal diameter ice corers (Kovacs Enterprise, US). This data set includes data from 23 coring site visits and were performed from 28 October 2019 to 29 July 2020 at coring locations within 130 m to each other in the MOSAiC Central Observatory. During each coring event, ice temperature was measured in situ from a separate temperature core, using Testo 720 thermometers in drill holes with a length of half-core-diameter at 5-cm vertical resolution. Ice bulk practical salinity was measured from melted core sections at 5-cm resolution using a YSI 30 conductivity meter. Ice density was measured using the hydrostatic weighing method (Pustogvar and Kulyakhtin, 2016) from a density core in the freezer laboratory onboard Polarstern at the temperature of –15°C. Relative volumes of brine and gas were estimated from ice salinity, temperature and density using Cox and Weeks (1983) for cold ice and Leppäranta and Manninen (1988) for ice warmer than –2°C.The data contains the event label (1), time (2), and global coordinates (3,4) of each coring measurement and sample IDs (13, 15). Each salinity core has its manually measured ice thickness (5), ice draft (6), core length (7), and mean snow height (22). Each core section has the total length of its top (8) and bottom (9) measured in situ, as well estimated depth of section top (10), bottom (11), and middle (12). The depth estimates assume that the total length of all core sections is equal to the measured ice thickness. Each core section has the value of its practical salinity (14), isotopic values (16, 17, 18) (Meyer et al., 2000), as well as sea ice temperature (19) and ice density (20) interpolated to the depth of salinity measurements. The global coordinates of coring sites were measured directly. When it was not possible, coordinates of the nearby temperature buoy 2019T66 were used. Ice mass balance buoy 2019T66 installation is described in doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.938134. Brine volume (21) fraction estimates are presented only for fraction values from 0 to 30%. Each core section also has comments (23) describing if the sample is from a false bottom, from rafted ice or has any other special characteristics.Macronutrients from the salinity core, and more isotope data will be published in a subsequent version of this data set. 
    more » « less