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We report the design, simulation, and analysis of a THz phased array, using lens-coupled annular-slot antennas (ASAs) for potential beyond 5G or 6G wireless communications. For a prototype demonstration, the ASA employed was designed on a high resistivity Si substrate with a radius of 106 μm, and a gap width of 6 um for operation at 200 GHz. In order to achieve higher antenna gain and efficiency, an extended hemispherical silicon lens was also used. To investigate the effect of the silicon lens on the ASA phased array, a 1 × 3 array and 1 × 5 array (the element distance is 0.55λ) were implemented with a silicon lens using different extension lengths. The simulation shows that for a 1 × 3 array, a ±17° scanning angle with an about −10 dB sidelobe level and 11.82 dB gain improvement (compared to the array without lens) can be achieved using a lens radius of 5000 μm and an extension length of 1000 μm. A larger scanning angle of ±31° can also be realized by a 1 × 5 array (using a shorter extension length of 250 μm). The approach of designing a 200 GHz lens-coupled phased array reported here is informative and valuable for the future development of wireless communication technologies.
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This content will become publicly available on March 1, 2026
An Angle-Multiplexed Multifocal Method for D-Band 2-D Beam-Scanning Transmitarray Leveraging 3-D Transmission Line Component
This letter proposes an angle-multiplexed multifocal method for designing a 2-D beam-scanning transmitarray (TA). The angle-multiplexed method is commonly used to generate orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexing. The multifocal phase distribution is calculated using the angle-multiplexed and bifocal methods to achieve higher gain enhancement and 2-D beam-scanning with a low scan loss without optimization. The additive manufacturing technology is used to fabricate a 3-D transmission line component. In the terahertz band, the transmitting and receiving (Tx-Rx) unit cell impedance matching can be affected by the Pancharatnam–Berry (P-B) method, and a 3-D coaxial line is introduced to tackle this problem. For proof of concept, the prototype was fabricated. Feeded by a WR-06 waveguide probe, the proposed TA achieves a gain enhancement of 16.3 dB and ±30° 2-D beam-scanning, simulated and measured 3 dB gain bandwidths of 19.6% and 16.3%, and the measured axial ratio bandwidth of 30.7%.
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- Award ID(s):
- 2320798
- PAR ID:
- 10618746
- Publisher / Repository:
- IEEE
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters
- Volume:
- 24
- Issue:
- 3
- ISSN:
- 1536-1225
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 731 to 735
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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