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1. Self‐Adaptive Plasma Chemistry and Intelligent Plasma Medicine

   https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202100112  

   Lin, Li; Yan, Dayun; Lee, Taeyoung; Keidar, Michael (October 2021, Advanced Intelligent Systems)

   Plasma‐based biomedical applications rely on the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species generated in cold atmospheric plasmas, where complex chemical kinetic schemes occur. The optimization of plasma medicine is thus required for each specific biomedical purpose. In the view of pharmacology, it is to optimize the active pharmaceutical ingredients. This work is thus the first attempt of such a complex task utilizing the recent development of machine learning technologies. Herein, a general method of passive plasma chemical diagnostics and optimization in real time is proposed. Based on spontaneous emission spectroscopy, an artificial neural network provides the gas chemical compositions along with other information such as temperatures. The information further passes through the second neural network which outputs the adjustments of external control inputs including energy, gas injections, and extractions to optimize the plasma chemistry. 

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2. Atmospheric Plasma Meets Cell: Plasma Tailoring by Living Cells

   https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b10620  

   Lin, Li; Yan, Dayun; Gjika, Eda; Sherman, Jonathan H.; Keidar, Michael (August 2019, ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces)
3. The 2022 Plasma Roadmap: low temperature plasma science and technology

   https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ac5e1c  

   Adamovich, I; Agarwal, S; Ahedo, E; Alves, L L; Baalrud, S; Babaeva, N; Bogaerts, A; Bourdon, A; Bruggeman, P J; Canal, C; et al (July 2022, Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics)

   Abstract The 2022 Roadmap is the next update in the series of Plasma Roadmaps published by Journal of Physics D with the intent to identify important outstanding challenges in the field of low-temperature plasma (LTP) physics and technology. The format of the Roadmap is the same as the previous Roadmaps representing the visions of 41 leading experts representing 21 countries and five continents in the various sub-fields of LTP science and technology. In recognition of the evolution in the field, several new topics have been introduced or given more prominence. These new topics and emphasis highlight increased interests in plasma-enabled additive manufacturing, soft materials, electrification of chemical conversions, plasma propulsion, extreme plasma regimes, plasmas in hypersonics, data-driven plasma science and technology and the contribution of LTP to combat COVID-19. In the last few decades, LTP science and technology has made a tremendously positive impact on our society. It is our hope that this roadmap will help continue this excellent track record over the next 5–10 years. 

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4. Holographic Plasma Lenses

   https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.065003  

   Edwards, M. R.; Munirov, V. R.; Singh, A.; Fasano, N. M.; Kur, E.; Lemos, N.; Mikhailova, J. M.; Wurtele, J. S.; Michel, P. (February 2022, Physical Review Letters)
5. Plasma parameters and the reduction potential at a plasma–liquid interface

   https://doi.org/10.1039/d2cp00203e  

   Oldham, Trey; Yatom, Shurik; Thimsen, Elijah (June 2022, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics)

   Nonthermal plasmas in contact with liquids have been shown to generate a variety of reactive species capable of initiating reduction–oxidation (redox) reactions at the electrochemically active plasma–liquid interface. In conventional electrochemical cells, selective redox chemistry is achieved by controlling the reduction potential at the solid electrode–electrolyte interface by applying a bias via an external circuit. In the case of plasma–liquid systems, an analogous means of tuning the reduction potential near the interface has not clearly been identified. When treated as a floating surface, the liquid is expected to adopt a net negative charge to balance the flux of hot electrons and relatively cold positive ions. The reduction potential near the plasma–liquid interface is hypothesized to be proportional to the floating potential, which can be approximated using an analytical model provided the plasma parameters are known. Herein, we present a framework for correlating the electron density and electron temperature of a noble gas plasma jet to the reduction potential near the plasma–liquid interface. The plasma parameters were acquired for an argon atmospheric plasma jet in contact with an aqueous solution by means of laser Thomson scattering. The reduction potential was determined using identical reference electrodes to measure the potential difference between the plasma–liquid interface and bulk solution. Interestingly, the measured reduction potentials near the plasma–liquid interface were found to be in good agreement with the model-predicted values determined using the plasma parameters obtained from the Thomson scattering experiments. 

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