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We describe the confining instabilities of a proposed quantum spin liquid underlying the pseudogap metal state of the hole-doped cuprates. The spin liquid can be described by a SU(2) gauge theory ofNf= 2 massless Dirac fermions carrying fundamental gauge charges—this is the low-energy theory of a mean-field state of fermionic spinons moving on the square lattice withπ-flux per plaquette in the ℤ2center of SU(2). This theory has an emergent SO(5)fglobal symmetry and is presumed to confine at low energies to the Néel state. At nonzero doping (or smaller Hubbard repulsionUat half-filling), we argue that confinement occurs via the Higgs condensation of bosonic chargons carrying fundamental SU(2) gauge charges also moving inπℤ2-flux. At half-filling, the low-energy theory of the Higgs sector hasNb= 2 relativistic bosons with a possible emergent SO(5)bglobal symmetry describing rotations between ad-wave superconductor, period-2 charge stripes, and the time-reversal breaking “d-density wave” state. We propose a conformal SU(2) gauge theory withNf= 2 fundamental fermions,Nb= 2 fundamental bosons, and a SO(5)f×SO(5)bglobal symmetry, which describes a deconfined quantum critical point between a confining state which breaks SO(5)fand a confining state which breaks SO(5)b. The pattern of symmetry breaking within both SO(5)s is determined by terms likely irrelevant at the critical point, which can be chosen to obtain a transition between Néel order andd-wave superconductivity. A similar theory applies at nonzero doping and largeU, with longer-range couplings of the chargons leading to charge order with longer periods.
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This content will become publicly available on November 1, 2026
Extended color twin Higgs
We describe a novel variation of the mirror twin Higgs model in which the color gauge group in both sectors is extended to SU(4)cand spontaneously broken to SU(3)cexclusively in the visible sector. Through this process, the mirrorZ2symmetry is spontaneously broken, allowing for a phenomenologically viable electroweak vacuum alignment. This structure produces interesting collider signatures, including heavy vectors and fermions with fractional electric charges. The twin sector, with unbroken SU(4)c, produces interesting cosmological characteristics, such as the possibility to reduce ∆Neffand stable spin-0 baryons. The enlarged top quark sector required by the extended color gauge symmetry preserves naturalness, with even less tuning than the original twin Higgs in many circumstances.
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- Award ID(s):
- 2210067
- PAR ID:
- 10648329
- Publisher / Repository:
- Springer Nature Link
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Journal of High Energy Physics
- Volume:
- 2025
- Issue:
- 11
- ISSN:
- 1029-8479
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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