We consider the problem of implementing randomized wait-free consensus from max registers under the assumption of an oblivious adversary. We show that max registers solve m-valued consensus for arbitrary m in expected O(log^* n) steps per process, beating the Omega(log m/log log m) lower bound for ordinary registers when m is large and the best previously known O(log log n) upper bound when m is small. A simple max-register implementation based on double-collect snapshots translates this result into an O(n log n) expected step implementation of m-valued consensus from n single-writer registers, improving on the best previously-known bound of O(n log^2 n) for single-writer registers.
more »
« less
This content will become publicly available on September 1, 2026
Lobbying in the Shadows: A Comparative Analysis of Government Lobbyist Registers
We identified 28 countries with online lobbyist registers, all from upper or upper-middle income countries. No country fulfilled all 50 indicators in the FOCAL. The category of “scope” had the highest scores across countries, whereas the “revolving door” and “financial” categories had the lowest scores. We found evidence of lobbying by Philip Morris International, British American Tobacco, or one of their subsidiaries in 14 of the 28 countries with online lobbyist registers.
more »
« less
- Award ID(s):
- 2147334
- PAR ID:
- 10649633
- Publisher / Repository:
- Wiley
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- The Milbank Quarterly
- Volume:
- 103
- Issue:
- 3
- ISSN:
- 0887-378X
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 857 to 882
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
More Like this
-
-
The spread of misinformation online is a global problem that requires global solutions. To that end, we conducted an experiment in 16 countries across 6 continents (N = 34,286; 676,605 observations) to investigate predictors of susceptibility to misinformation about COVID-19, and interventions to combat the spread of this misinformation. In every country, participants with a more analytic cognitive style and stronger accuracy-related motivations were better at discerning truth from falsehood; valuing democracy was also associated with greater truth discernment, whereas endorsement of individual responsibility over government support was negatively associated with truth discernment in most countries. Subtly prompting people to think about accuracy had a generally positive effect on the veracity of news that people were willing to share across countries, as did minimal digital literacy tips. Finally, aggregating the ratings of our non-expert participants was able to differentiate true from false headlines with high accuracy in all countries via the ‘wisdom of crowds’. The consistent patterns we observe suggest that the psychological factors underlying the misinformation challenge are similar across different regional settings, and that similar solutions may be broadly effective.more » « less
-
Ahuja, Gautam (Ed.)This virtual special issue (VSI) collects together 19 papers published in Organization Science that explore how organizations learn from crises. The objective is to discuss insights that can help us understand the COVID-19 pandemic crisis, implications that existing research carries for organizations’ abilities to keep hard-earned lessons after the storm passes, and opportunities that the current phenomenon offers for future inquiry in this domain. Organizations, large and small, in scores of countries, have suspended normal operations. To survive, many organizations have adapted by shifting almost all human-to-human interactions online while facing an ethical dilemma and a tense tradeoff between public health and economic well-being. We take stock of the research on organizational learning from crises, summarize useful knowledge for managing the current crisis, and provide directions for future research.more » « less
-
Abstract ObjectivesThis study assessed changes in behaviors/attitudes related to the COVID-19. With the understanding that behaviors and vaccine decision-making could contribute to global spread of infectious diseases, this study collected several waves of internet-based surveys from individuals in the United States, mainland China, Taiwan, Malaysia, Indonesia, and India. The aims of this study were to (1) characterize the relationship between the epidemiology of disease and changes over time in risk perceptions, knowledge, and attitudes towards hygienic behaviors; (2) examine if risk perceptions affect acceptance of less-than-ideal vaccines; and (3) contrast adherence to public health recommendations across countries which have had different governmental responses to the outbreak. Data descriptionWe conducted cross-sectional online surveys in six countries from March 2020 to April 2021. By the end of June 2021, there will be six waves of surveys for the United States and China, and four waves for the rest of countries. There are common sets of questions for all countries, however, some questions were adapted to reflect local situations and some questions were designed intentionally for specific countries to capture different COVID-19 mitigation actions. Participants were asked about their adherence towards countermeasures, risk perceptions, and acceptance of a hypothetical vaccine for COVID-19.more » « less
-
The arachnid fauna of Angola and Namibia is diverse and includes high levels of endemism, much of which is associated with the arid zone, especially the Namib Desert. The endemic arachnid fauna of the highlands and escarpments, including mountain ranges, plateaus and inselbergs, has received less attention. The study presented here is the first to compile existing distributional data for three arachnid orders – whip spiders (Amblypygi Thorell, 1883), scorpions (Scorpiones C.L. Koch, 1837) and solifuges (Solifugae Sundevall, 1833) – occurring in the highlands and escarpments of Angola and Namibia from published literature, online databases and natural history collections. Distribution maps were used, together with available data or expert knowledge of taxon habitat requirements, to prepare a list of described arachnid taxa considered endemic or nearendemic to the western highlands and escarpments of these two countries. In addition, arachnid endemism was assessed more broadly by scoring the presence of described and potential undescribed endemics in relevant highlands and escarpments, tallying the scores for each order, and ranking the highlands and escarpments based on the sum of all three ordinal tallies. These scores provide a rough index of the relative importance of highlands and escarpments in Angola and Namibia for prioritising decisions regarding conservation as well as further survey and inventory from the arachnid perspective. Although the highlands and escarpments of Angola and Namibia probably serve as refugia for taxa requiring cooler, more humid habitats than are available in the surrounding arid lowlands, including palaeoendemics, they appear to contain fewer endemic arachnid taxa than the lowlands. This may be because: (1) the highlands and escarpments of Angola and Namibia are relatively low, on average, providing few opportunities for insular speciation; (2) much arachnid endemism in the arid lowlands is associated with unique substrates that are absent in the highlands, including sand dunes, gravel plains and clays associated with drainage systems, all of which facilitate burrowing to escape the arid conditions and promote diversification; and (3) much of the taxonomy of the arachnids of both countries remains unresolved, and the distributions poorly understood, especially in Angola. More intensive surveys, with an emphasis on collecting genetic samples from disjunct populations across the distributions of each putative species, are needed to better understand arachnid diversity and endemism in the region.more » « less
An official website of the United States government
