skip to main content
US FlagAn official website of the United States government
dot gov icon
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
https lock icon
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( lock ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


This content will become publicly available on November 1, 2026

Title: Constraining neutrino electromagnetic properties with recent low-energy electron recoil data at dark matter direct detection experiments
Neutrinos that are elastically scattered off atomic electrons provide a unique opportunity to investigate the standard model (SM) and beyond SM physics. In this work, we explore the new physics effects of neutrino electromagnetic properties through elastic neutrino-electron scattering using solar neutrinos at the low-energy range of PandaX-4T and XENONnT experiments. The properties of interest include the neutrino magnetic moment, millicharge, and charge radius, all of which are natural consequences of nonzero neutrino masses. We investigate their effects by incorporating each property into the SM framework, given the measured solar neutrino flux. By analyzing the latest Run0 and Run1 datasets from the PandaX-4T experiment, together with recent results from XENONnT, we derive new constraints on each electromagnetic property of neutrino. We present both flavor-independent results, obtained using a common parameter for all three neutrino flavors, and flavor-dependent results, derived by marginalizing over the three neutrino flavor components. Bounds we obtained are comparable or improved compared to those reported in the previous studies.  more » « less
Award ID(s):
2411495 2020275
PAR ID:
10649843
Author(s) / Creator(s):
; ; ;
Publisher / Repository:
APS
Date Published:
Journal Name:
Physical Review D
Volume:
112
Issue:
9
ISSN:
2470-0010
Format(s):
Medium: X
Sponsoring Org:
National Science Foundation
More Like this
  1. Flavor physics offers many opportunities to probe the fundamental nature of matter and their interactions. The standard model (SM) of particle physics has a very unique flavor structure which is being tested by precision measurements at flavor experiments. Deviations from the SM predictions can point to new flavor structures and new states which can offer clues to the various flavor puzzles in the standard model. Motivated by recent results and flavor anomalies, we will focus on various processes that can reveal possible extension of the SM with new states such as leptoquarks, diquarks, sterile neutrino and dark sectors. 
    more » « less
  2. Abstract Neutrinos are one of the most promising messengers for signals of new physics Beyond the Standard Model (BSM). On the theoretical side, their elusive nature, combined with their unknown mass mechanism, seems to indicate that the neutrino sector is indeed opening a window to new physics. On the experimental side, several long-standing anomalies have been reported in the past decades, providing a strong motivation to thoroughly test the standard three-neutrino oscillation paradigm. In this Snowmass21 white paper, we explore the potential of current and future neutrino experiments to explore BSM effects on neutrino flavor during the next decade. 
    more » « less
  3. The LHC produces an intense beam of highly energetic neutrinos of all three flavors in the forward direction, and the Forward Physics Facility (FPF) has been proposed to house a suite of experiments taking advantage of this opportunity. In this study, we investigate the FPF’s potential to probe the neutrino electromagnetic properties, including neutrino millicharge, magnetic moment, and charge radius. We find that, due to the large flux of tau neutrinos at the LHC, the FPF detectors will be able to provide more sensitive constraints on the tau neutrino magnetic moment and millicharge than previous measurements at DONUT, by searching for excess in low recoil energy electron scattering events. We also find that, by precisely measuring the rate of neutral current deep inelastic scattering events, the FPF detectors have the potential to obtain the strongest experimental bounds on the neutrino charge radius for the electron neutrino, and one of the leading bounds for the muon neutrino flavor. The same signature could also be used to measure the weak mixing angle, and we estimate that sin 2 θ W could be measured to about 3% precision at a scale Q 10 GeV , shedding new light on the longstanding NuTeV anomaly. Published by the American Physical Society2025 
    more » « less
  4. Abstract High-energy tau neutrinos are rarely produced in atmospheric cosmic-ray showers or at cosmic particle accelerators, but are expected to emerge during neutrino propagation over cosmic distances due to flavor mixing. When high energy tau neutrinos interact inside the IceCube detector, two spatially separated energy depositions may be resolved, the first from the charged current interaction and the second from the tau lepton decay. We report a novel analysis of 7.5 years of IceCube data that identifies two candidate tau neutrinos among the 60 “High-Energy Starting Events” (HESE) collected during that period. The HESE sample offers high purity, all-sky sensitivity, and distinct observational signatures for each neutrino flavor, enabling a new measurement of the flavor composition. The measured astrophysical neutrino flavor composition is consistent with expectations, and an astrophysical tau neutrino flux is indicated at 2.8$$\sigma $$ σ significance. 
    more » « less
  5. Abstract Multi-messenger astrophysics has produced a wealth of data with much more to come in the future. This enormous data set will reveal new insights into the physics of core-collapse supernovae, neutron star mergers, and many other objects where it is actually possible, if not probable, that new physics is in operation. To tease out different possibilities, we will need to analyze signals from photons, neutrinos, gravitational waves, and chemical elements. This task is made all the more difficult when it is necessary to evolve the neutrino component of the radiation field and associated quantum-mechanical property of flavor in order to model the astrophysical system of interest—a numerical challenge that has not been addressed to this day. In this work, we take a step in this direction by adopting the technique of angular-integrated moments with a truncated tower of dynamical equations and a closure, convolving the flavor-transformation with spatial transport to evolve the neutrino radiation quantum field. We show that moments capture the dynamical features of fast flavor instabilities in a variety of systems, although our technique is by no means a universal blueprint for solving fast flavor transformation. To evaluate the effectiveness of our moment results, we compare to a more precise particle-in-cell method. Based on our results, we propose areas for improvement and application to complementary techniques in the future. 
    more » « less