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WebAssembly, an emerging bytecode format, which is initially developed for partially replacing JavaScript and speeding up browser applications, has been extended to the server-side due to its speed and security promise. It has been considered as a promising alternative to the widely deployed container technique for isolating lightweight applications. To run WebAssmebly from the server-side, aside from the NodeJS runtime, several WebAssembly native runtimes have been proposed. We characterize majorWebAssembly runtimes through extensive applications and metrics. Our results show that different runtimes fit different application scenarios. Based on that, a framework for reducing the startup latency of WebAssembly service while keeping maximum performance is provided. To identify the root causes of the performance gap, the analysis of emerging Cranelift compiler against LLVM in detail is reported. In addition, this paper gives revealing suggestions and architectural proposals for designing an efficient WebAssembly runtime. Our work provides insights on both WebAssembly runtime enhancement and WebAssemblybased cloud service exploitation.more » « less
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