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Abstract. In the summer of 2017, heavy ozone pollution swamped most of the North ChinaPlain (NCP), with the maximum regional average of daily maximum 8 h ozoneconcentration (MDA8) reaching almost 120 ppbv. In light of the continuingreduction of anthropogenic emissions in China, the underlying mechanisms forthe occurrences of these regional extreme ozone episodes are elucidated fromtwo perspectives: meteorology and biogenic emissions. The significantpositive correlation between MDA8 ozone and temperature, which is amplifiedduring heat waves concomitant with stagnant air and no precipitation,supports the crucial role of meteorology in driving high ozoneconcentrations. We also find that biogenic emissions are enhanced due tofactors previously notmore »