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  1. Abstract

    Tetrabutylammonium (TBA) salt of hexacyano‐substituted cyclopropane dianion (Cp(CN)62) is prepared through a facile two‐step synthetic protocol from commercially available materials and fully characterized as a high‐voltagen‐type organic cathode in rechargeable aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs). The addition of tetrabutylammonium triflate (TBAOTf) to the electrolyte mitigates dissolution issues, leading to enhanced cycling stability. Remarkably, the Cp(CN)62cathode demonstrates a high discharge voltage of 1.43 V in AZIBs and retains 85% of its capacity after 1000 cycles at a high loading of 10 mg cm2and a cycling rate of 10C. These results, combined with spectroscopic analyses, elucidate a reversible two‐electron redox process of Cp(CN)62facilitated by the insertion/de‐insertion of TBA cation. These findings underscore the potential of Cp(CN)62as a conversion‐basedn‐type cathode in energy storage applications.

     
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  2. Free, publicly-accessible full text available February 7, 2025
  3. ABSTRACT

    We present the analysis of cloud–cloud collision (CCC) process in the Galactic molecular complex S235. Our new CO observations performed with the PMO-13.7 m telescope reveal two molecular clouds, namely the S235-Main and the S235-ABC, with ∼4 km s−1 velocity separation. The bridge feature, the possible colliding interface and the complementary distribution of the two clouds are significant observational signatures of cloud–cloud collision in S235. The most direct evidence of cloud–cloud collision process in S235 is that the S235-Main (in a distance of 1547$^{+44}_{-43}$ pc) and S235-ABC (1567$^{+33}_{-39}$ pc) meet at almost the same position (within 1σ error range) at a supersonic relative speed. We identified ten 13CO clumps from PMO-13.7 m observations, 22 dust cores from the archival SCUBA-2 data, and 550 YSOs from NIR–MIR data. 63 per cent of total YSOs are clustering in seven MST groups (M1−M7). The tight association between the YSO groups (M1 $\&$ M7) and the bridge feature suggests that the CCC process triggers star formation there. The collisional impact subregion (the South) shows 3 ∼ 5 times higher CFE and SFE (average value of 12.3 and 10.6 per cent, respectively) than the non-collisional impact subregion (2.4 and 2.6 per cent, respectively), suggesting that the CCC process may have enhanced the CFE and SFE of the clouds compared to those without collision influence.

     
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