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The use of screw connections in full-culm bamboo is often assumed to be limited, primarily due to the propensity for splitting of the culm. This study demonstrates that small diameter screws can be used effectively in full-culm bamboo. The study explores the withdrawal capacity of candidate screw types in order to identify those that may be used to achieve a high capacity while mitigating splitting failures. Twelve screw types of three standard sizes, ranging from hardwood screws, self-tapping wood screws and concrete anchors, are tested in conditions of both pre-drilled and self-tapping installation procedures. All tests are conducted on samples of P. edulis (Moso) having culm wall thickness on the order of 7 mm. The results of this study are intended to inform the applications for which screw connection to bamboo are viable. 

The use of small diameter whole-culm (bars) and/or split bamboo (a.k.a. splints or strips) has often been proposed as an alternative to reinforcing steel in reinforced concrete. The motivation for such replacement is typically cost and the drive to find more sustainable alternatives in the construction industry. Although bamboo is a material with extraordinary mechanical properties, this paper will summarise the reasons that for most load-bearing applications, bamboo-reinforced concrete is an ill-considered concept: having significant durability, strength and stiffness issues. Additionally, it is argued that bamboo-reinforced concrete does not possess the environmentally friendly credentials often attributed to it. Finally, the authors identify applications in which bamboo reinforcement may prove an acceptable alternative to steel provided durability concerns can be addressed. 

Development of construction and materials standards serve technical, social and economic objectives. Most significantly, standards are required for the acceptance of materials by the engineering community. This paper contrasts the characteristics of codes and standards, and their development, for engineered materials and those for nonconventional and vernacular materials. Challenges associated with code and standard development for these materials are highlighted and discussed through case studies. Recommendations for approaches to codes and standards development for nonconventional and vernacular materials are presented. 

Materials informatics is widely acknowledged as a means of accelerating the rate of new materials discovery and material development. Such an approach will require widespread use of data driven methodologies and it is anticipated that downstream stakeholders, particularly industry, will be heavily involved in providing the required resources. This paper will propose workflows that illustrate how data driven methods could reasonably be applied to the processing-structure-properties relationships of locally sourced non-conventional materials. It is anticipated that simple material tests and imaging techniques will provide sufficient digital information for data driven approaches at relatively low cost. This utility will be illustrated using the example of bamboo and the levels of structure observable using widely available digital phone cameras. Finally, the possible role of the NOCMAT community in facilitating materials informatics will be considered.