Background:The outbreak of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in theUnited States resulted in safety guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control andPrevention (CDC) intended to curb the spread of the virus. Adolescents are poten-tially at risk for disregarding these guidelines due to their reduced psychosocial matu-rity compared with adults. The current study examined the relationship betweenadolescents' psychosocial maturity, perceived importance of the CDC guidelines andadherence to the CDC guidelines within some of the highest risk groups for contract-ing COVID-19 in a county particularly impacted by the pandemic (i.e., Hispanic andlow-SES youth in El Paso, Texas).Methods:Participants completed a phone interview with a research assistant regard-ing their thoughts and behaviours in the initial months of the COVID-19 pandemic.Adolescents (N=68) were 15.38 years old on average (SD=1.05,range=13, 17),predominantly male (60.3%) and nearly exclusively Hispanic/Latino (94.1%).Results:Results indicated that although more psychosocially mature adolescentsreported greater adherence to the CDC guidelines than less psychosocially matureadolescents, the association between psychosocial maturity and adherence was fullymediated by how important adolescents felt it was to follow the guidelines. Specifi-cally, greater perceived importance was associated with greater adherence to theguidelines.Conclusions:The current study found that more psychosocially mature adolescentsadhere to CDC's safety guidelines better than less psychosocially mature adolescentsbecause they are moremore »
Sieve-element differentiation and phloem sap contamination
Sieve elements (SEs) degrade selected organelles and
cytoplasmic structures when they differentiate. According to
classical investigations, only smooth ER, mitochondria, sieve
element plastids, and, in most cases, P-proteins remain in
mature SEs. More recent proteomics and immunohistochemical
studies, however, suggested that additional
components including a protein-synthesizing machinery and a
fully developed actin cytoskeleton operate in mature SEs.
These interpretations are at odds with conventional imaging
studies. Here we discuss potential causes for these
discrepancies, concluding that differentiating SEs may play a
role by ‘contaminating’ phloem exudates.
- Award ID(s):
- 1656769
- Publication Date:
- NSF-PAR ID:
- 10053372
- Journal Name:
- Current opinion in plant biology
- Volume:
- 43
- ISSN:
- 1879-0356
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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