- Award ID(s):
- 0737625
- NSF-PAR ID:
- 10057016
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Radio Science
- Volume:
- 46
- Issue:
- 4
- ISSN:
- 0048-6604
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- n/a to n/a
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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Summary The Lyon–Fedder–Mobarry global magnetosphere–ionosphere coupled model LFM-MIX is used to study Sun–Earth interactions by simulating geomagnetic storms. This work focuses on relating the multifidelity output from LFM-MIX to field observations of ionospheric conductance. Given a set of input values and solar wind data, LFM-MIX numerically solves the magnetohydrodynamic equations and outputs a bivariate spatiotemporal field of ionospheric energy and flux. Of particular interest here are LFM-MIX input settings required to match corresponding output with field observations. To estimate these input settings, a multivariate spatiotemporal statistical LFM-MIX emulator is constructed. The statistical emulator leverages the multiple fidelities such that the less computationally demanding yet lower fidelity LFM-MIX is used to provide estimates of the higher fidelity output. The higher fidelity LFM-MIX output is then used for calibration by using additive and non-linear discrepancy functions.