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1. Surface manipulation techniques of Roman denarii

   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.06.296  

   Manukyan, Khachatur; Fasano, Cecilia; Majumdar, Ashabari; Peaslee, Graham F.; Raddell, Mark; Stech, Edward; Wiescher, Michael (November 2019, Applied Surface Science)
2. Cosmology with the Roman Space Telescope – multiprobe strategies

   https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1762  

   Eifler, Tim; Miyatake, Hironao; Krause, Elisabeth; Heinrich, Chen; Miranda, Vivian; Hirata, Christopher; Xu, Jiachuan; Hemmati, Shoubaneh; Simet, Melanie; Capak, Peter; et al (August 2021, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society)

   ABSTRACT We simulate the scientific performance of the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope High Latitude Survey (HLS) on dark energy and modified gravity. The 1.6-yr HLS Reference survey is currently envisioned to image 2000 deg2 in multiple bands to a depth of ∼26.5 in Y, J, H and to cover the same area with slit-less spectroscopy beyond z = 3. The combination of deep, multiband photometry and deep spectroscopy will allow scientists to measure the growth and geometry of the Universe through a variety of cosmological probes (e.g. weak lensing, galaxy clusters, galaxy clustering, BAO, Type Ia supernova) and, equally, it will allow an exquisite control of observational and astrophysical systematic effects. In this paper, we explore multiprobe strategies that can be implemented, given the telescope’s instrument capabilities. We model cosmological probes individually and jointly and account for correlated systematics and statistical uncertainties due to the higher order moments of the density field. We explore different levels of observational systematics for the HLS survey (photo-z and shear calibration) and ultimately run a joint likelihood analysis in N-dim parameter space. We find that the HLS reference survey alone can achieve a standard dark energy FoM of >300 when including all probes. This assumes no information from external data sets, we assume a flat universe however, and includes realistic assumptions for systematics. Our study of the HLS reference survey should be seen as part of a future community-driven effort to simulate and optimize the science return of the Roman Space Telescope. 

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3. Synergies between Roman Galactic Plane Survey and other major surveys

   Kruszynska, K; Street, R; Gough-Kelly, S; Bonito, R; Prisinzano, L; Trivedi, O; Gandhi, P; Hundertmark, M; Tsapras, Y; Di_Criscienzo, M; et al (June 2024, arXiv)

   Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope will revolutionize our understanding of the Galactic Bulge with its Galactic Bulge Time Domain survey. At the same time, Rubin Observatories's Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) will monitor billions of stars in the Milky Way. The proposed Roman survey of the Galactic Plane, with its NIR passbands and exquisite spacial resolution, promises groundbreaking insights for a wide range of time-domain galactic astrophysics. In this white paper, we describe the scientific returns possible from the combination of the Roman Galactic Plane Survey with the data from LSST. 

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4. Astrometric Microlensing by Primordial Black Holes with the Roman Space Telescope

   https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad3243  

   Fardeen, James; McGill, Peter; Perkins, Scott E; Dawson, William A; Abrams, Natasha S; Lu, Jessica R; Ho, Ming-Feng; Bird, Simeon (April 2024, The Astrophysical Journal)

   Abstract Primordial black holes (PBHs) could explain some fraction of dark matter and shed light on many areas of early-Universe physics. Despite over half a century of research interest, a PBH population has so far eluded detection. The most competitive constraints on the fraction of dark matter comprised of PBHs (f_DM) in the (10⁻⁹–10)M_⊙mass ranges come from photometric microlensing and boundf_DM≲ 10⁻²–10⁻¹. With the advent of the Roman Space Telescope with its submilliarcsecond astrometric capabilities and its planned Galactic Bulge Time Domain Survey (GBTDS), detecting astrometric microlensing signatures will become routine. Compared with photometric microlensing, astrometric microlensing signals are sensitive to different lens masses–distance configurations and contain different information, making it a complimentary lensing probe. At submilliarcsecond astrometric precision, astrometric microlensing signals are typically detectable at larger lens–source separations than photometric signals, suggesting a microlensing detection channel of pure astrometric events. We use a Galactic simulation to predict the number of detectable microlensing events during the GBTDS via this pure astrometric microlensing channel. Assuming an absolute astrometric precision floor for bright stars of 0.1 mas for the GBTDS, we find that the number of detectable events peaks at ≈10³f_DMfor a population of 1M_⊙PBHs and tapers to ≈10f_DMand ≈100f_DMat 10⁻⁴M_⊙and 10³M_⊙, respectively. Accounting for the distinguishability of PBHs from stellar lenses, we conclude the GBTDS will be sensitive to a PBH population atf_DMdown to ≈10⁻¹–10⁻³for (10⁻¹–10²)M_⊙likely yielding novel PBH constraints. 

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5. An Environmental and Climate History of the Roman Expansion in Italy

   https://doi.org/10.1162/jinh_a_01971  

   Bernard, Seth; McConnell, Joseph; Di Rita, Federico; Michelangeli, Fabrizio; Magri, Donatella; Sadori, Laura; Masi, Alessia; Zanchetta, Giovanni; Bini, Monica; Celant, Alessandra; et al (January 2023, The Journal of Interdisciplinary History)

   Abstract A first synthesis of available data for the period of Rome’s expansion in Italy (about 400–29 b.c.e.) shows the role of climate and environment in early Roman imperialism. Although global indices suggest a warmer phase with relatively few short-term climate events occuring around the same time as the expansion, local data emphasize the highly variable timing and expression of these trends. This variability casts doubt on ideas of a unitary, historically consequential “Roman Warm Period.” The historical importance of climate and environment to socioeconomic development merits emphasis, but should be understood in terms of evolving, contingent forms of resilience and risk-mitigating behavior by Italian communities during Roman expansion. 

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