A series of Ni( ii ), Pd( ii ) and Pt( ii ) complexes [ML][PF 6 ] 2 [L = L 1 , M = Ni ( 1 ), Pd ( 2 ), Pt ( 3 ); L = L 2 , M = Ni ( 4 ), Pd ( 5 ), Pt ( 6 )] and [Pt(L 2 )(acac)] ( 7 ) have been prepared by the reactions of two tetradentate macrocyclic amine-NHC ligand precursors, [H 2 L 1 ][PF 6 ] 2 and [H 2 L 2 ][PF 6 ] 2 , with Ni(OAc) 2 ·4H 2 O, Pd(OAc) 2 and Pt(acac) 2 in the presence of NaOAc. Complex 7 is isolated along with 6 from the same reaction between [H 2 L 2 ][PF 6 ] 2 and Pt(acac) 2 . There are two atropisomers in 1–3 and two achiral conformers in 4–6 . The crystal structures of 1–3 and one conformer of 4–6 ( 4a–6a ) have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The metal ion is found to reside in the cavity of the macrocyclic ring and adopts a square-planar configuration. Detailed NMR studies including variable-temperature NMR spectroscopy reveal a dynamic interconverting process between two atropisomers of 1–3 in the solutions via a ring twisting mechanism. Two conformers in the equilibrated solution of 4–6 , probably arising from the orientation of two amine N–H bonds with respect to the coordination plane, exchange slowly. Time-dependent 1 H NMR spectra show that one conformer ( 4a–6a ) in solution converts into the other ( 4b–6b ) via the inversion of the nitrogen atom.
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Recognition with metallo cavitands
We describe here the effects of metal complexation on the molecular recognition behavior of cavitands with quinoxaline walls. The nitrogen atoms of the quinoxalines are near the upper rim of the vase-like shape and treatment with Pd(II) gave 2:1 metal:cavitand derivatives. Characterization by 1 H, 13 C NMR spectroscopy, HR ESI-MS, and computations showed that the metals bridged adjacent quinoxaline panels and gave cavitands with C 2v symmetry. Both water-soluble and organic-soluble versions were prepared and their host/guest complexes with alkanes, alcohols, acids, and diols (up to C12) were studied by 1 H NMR spectroscopy. Analysis of the binding behavior indicated that the metals rigidified the walls of the receptive vase conformation and enhanced the binding of hydrophobic and even water-soluble guests, compared to related cavitands reported previously. The results demonstrated that the conformational dynamics of the cavitand were slowed by the coordination of Pd(II) and stabilized the host’s complexes.
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- Award ID(s):
- 1801153
- PAR ID:
- 10111535
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- ISSN:
- 0027-8424
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 201909154
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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