Title: Intensity dependence in nonsequential double ionization of helium
Using the quantitative rescattering model, we simulate the correlated two-electron momentum distributions for nonsequential double ionization of helium by 800 nm laser pulses at intensities in the range of (2 − 15) × 1014W/cm2. The experimentally observed V-shaped structure at high intensities [Phys. Rev. Lett.99,263003(2007)10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.263003] is attributed to the strong forward scattering in laser-induced recollision excitation and the asymmetric momentum distribution of electrons that are tunneling-ionized from the excited states. The final-state electron repulsion also plays an important role in forming the V-shaped structure.
Using the improved quantitative rescattering (QRS) model, we simulate the correlated two-electron momentum distributions (CMD) for nonsequential double ionization (NSDI) of Ar by near-single-cycle laser pulses with a wavelength of 750 nm at an intensity of 2.8 × 1014W/cm2. With the accurate cross sections obtained from fully quantum mechanical calculations for both electron impact excitation and electron impact ionization of Ar+, we unambiguously identify the contributions from recollision direct ionization (RDI) and recollision excitation with subsequent ionization (RESI). Our analysis reveals that RESI constitutes the main contribution to NSDI of Ar under the conditions considered here. The simulated results are directly compared with experimental measurements [Bergueset al.,Nat. Commun.3,813(2012)10.1038/ncomms1807] in which each NSDI event is tagged with the carrier-envelope phase (CEP). It is found that the overall pattern of both the CEP-resolved and the CEP-averaged CMDs measured in experiment are well reproduced by the QRS model, and the cross-shaped structure in the CEP-averaged CMD is attributed to the strong forward scattering of the recolliding electron as well as the depletion effect in tunneling ionization of the electron from an excited state of the parent ion.
We proposed the use of relative encircled power as a measure of focusing efficiency [Optica7,252(2020)OPTIC82334-253610.1364/OPTICA.388697]. The comment [Optica8,1009(2021)OPTIC82334-253610.1364/OPTICA.416017] has raised useful questions, which we address briefly here and provide some clarifications.
A spatiotemporal optical vortex (STOV) is an intrinsic optical orbital angular momentum (OAM) structure in which the OAM vector is orthogonal to the propagation direction [Optica6,1547(2019)OPTIC82334-253610.1364/OPTICA.6.001547] and the optical phase circulates in space-time. Here, we experimentally and theoretically demonstrate the generation of the second harmonic of a STOV-carrying pulse along with the conservation of STOV-based OAM. Our experiments verify that photons can have intrinsic orbital angular momentum perpendicular to their propagation direction.
The authors present an erratum to update the Acknowledgements section in their published article, [“Fabrication and characterization of a two-dimensional individually addressable electrowetting microlens array,”Opt. Express31,30550(2023)10.1364/OE.497992].
Chen, Zhangjin, Wen, Hua, Liu, Fang, Morishita, Toru, Zatsarinny, Oleg, and Bartschat, Klaus.
"Intensity dependence in nonsequential double ionization of helium". Optics Express 28 (5). Country unknown/Code not available: Optical Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.386971.https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10135457.
@article{osti_10135457,
place = {Country unknown/Code not available},
title = {Intensity dependence in nonsequential double ionization of helium},
url = {https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10135457},
DOI = {10.1364/OE.386971},
abstractNote = {Using the quantitative rescattering model, we simulate the correlated two-electron momentum distributions for nonsequential double ionization of helium by 800 nm laser pulses at intensities in the range of (2 − 15) × 1014W/cm2. The experimentally observed V-shaped structure at high intensities [Phys. Rev. Lett.99,263003(2007)10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.263003] is attributed to the strong forward scattering in laser-induced recollision excitation and the asymmetric momentum distribution of electrons that are tunneling-ionized from the excited states. The final-state electron repulsion also plays an important role in forming the V-shaped structure.},
journal = {Optics Express},
volume = {28},
number = {5},
publisher = {Optical Society of America},
author = {Chen, Zhangjin and Wen, Hua and Liu, Fang and Morishita, Toru and Zatsarinny, Oleg and Bartschat, Klaus},
}
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