skip to main content
US FlagAn official website of the United States government
dot gov icon
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
https lock icon
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( lock ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Title: Elastic scattering from rough surfaces in three dimensions
Consider the elastic scattering of a plane or point incident wave by an unbounded and rigid rough surface. The angular spectrum representation (ASR) for the time-harmonic Navier equation is derived in three dimensions. The ASR is utilized as a radiation condition to the elastic rough surface scattering problem. The uniqueness is proved through a Rellich-type identity for surfaces given by uniformly Lipschitz functions. In the case of flat surfaces with local perturbations, an equivalent variational formulation is deduced in a truncated bounded domain and the existence of solutions are shown for general incoming waves. The main ingredient of the proof is the radiating behavior of the Green tensor to the first boundary value problem of the Navier equation in a half-space.  more » « less
Award ID(s):
1912704
PAR ID:
10182368
Author(s) / Creator(s):
; ;
Date Published:
Journal Name:
Journal of differential equations
Volume:
269
ISSN:
0022-0396
Page Range / eLocation ID:
4045-4078
Format(s):
Medium: X
Sponsoring Org:
National Science Foundation
More Like this
  1. Consider the scattering of a time-harmonic elastic plane wave by a periodic rigid surface. The elastic wave propagation is governed by the two-dimensional Navier equation. Based on a Dirichlet-to-Neumann (DtN) map, a transparent boundary condition (TBC) is introduced to reduce the scattering problem into a boundary value problem in a bounded domain. By using the finite element method, the discrete problem is considered, where the TBC is replaced by the truncated DtN map. A new duality argument is developed to derive the a posteriori error estimate, which contains both the finite element approximation error and the DtN truncation error. An a posteriori error estimate based adaptive finite element algorithm is developed to solve the elastic surface scattering problem. Numerical experiments are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. 
    more » « less
  2. Consider the elastic scattering of a time-harmonic wave by multiple well-separated rigid particles with smooth boundaries in two dimensions. Instead of using the complex Green's tensor of the elastic wave equation, we utilize the Helmholtz decomposition to convert the boundary value problem of the elastic wave equation into a coupled boundary value problem of the Helmholtz equation. Based on single, double, and combined layer potentials with the simpler Green's function of the Helmholtz equation, we present three different boundary integral equations for the coupled boundary value problem. The well-posedness of the new integral equations is established. Computationally, a scattering matrix based method is proposed to evaluate the elastic wave for arbitrarily shaped particles. The method uses the local expansion for the incident wave and the multipole expansion for the scattered wave. The linear system of algebraic equations is solved by GMRES with fast multipole method (FMM) acceleration. Numerical results show that the method is fast and highly accurate for solving elastic scattering problems with multiple particles. 
    more » « less
  3. ABSTRACT The northern clingfish (Gobiesox maeandricus) has a suction-based adhesive disc that can stick to incredibly rough surfaces, a challenge for stiff commercial suction cups. Both clingfish discs and bioinspired suction cups have stiff cores but flexible edges that can deform to overcome surface irregularities. Compliant surfaces are common in nature and technical settings, but performance data for fish and commercial cups are gathered from stiff surfaces. We quantified the interaction between substrate compliance, surface roughness and suction performance for the northern clingfish, commercial suction cups and three biomimetic suction cups with disc rims of varying compliance. We found that all cups stick better on stiffer substrates and worse on more compliant ones, as indicated by peak stress values. On compliant substrates, surface roughness had little effect on adhesion, even for commercial cups that normally fail on hard, rough surfaces. We propose that suction performance on compliant substrates can be explained in part by effective elastic modulus, the combined elastic modulus from a cup–substrate interaction. Of all the tested cups, the biomimetic cups performed the best on compliant surfaces, highlighting their potential to be used in medical and marine geotechnical fields. Lastly, we discuss the overmolding technique used to generate the bioinspired cups and how it is an important tool for studying biology. 
    more » « less
  4. The paper studies the equilibrium configurations of inextensible elastic membranes exhibiting lateral fluidity. Using a continuum description of the membrane's motions based on the surface Navier–Stokes equations with bending forces, the paper derives differential equations governing the mechanical equilibrium. The equilibrium conditions are found to be independent of lateral viscosity and relate tension, pressure, and tangential velocity of the fluid. These conditions suggest that either the lateral fluid motion ceases or non-decaying stationary flow of mass can only be supported by surfaces with Killing vector fields, such as axisymmetric shapes. A shape equation is derived that extends the classical Helfrich model with an area constraint to membranes of non-negligible mass. Furthermore, the paper suggests a simple numerical method to compute solutions of the shape equation. Numerical experiments conducted reveal a diverse family of equilibrium configurations. The stability of equilibrium states involving lateral flow of mass remains an unresolved question. 
    more » « less
  5. Computing light reflection from rough surfaces is an important topic in computer graphics. Reflection models developed based on geometric optics fail to capture wave effects such as diffraction and interference, while existing models based on physical optics approximations give erroneous predictions under many circumstances (e.g. when multiple scattering from the surface cannot be ignored). We present a scalable 3D full-wave simulator for computing reference solutions to surface scattering problems, which can be used to evaluate and guide the development of approximate models for rendering. We investigate the range of validity for some existing wave optics based reflection models; our results confirm these models for low-roughness surfaces but also show that prior rendering methods do not accurately predict the scattering behavior of some types of surfaces. Our simulator is based on the boundary element method (BEM) and accelerated using the adaptive integral method (AIM), and is implemented to execute on modern GPUs. We demonstrate the simulator on domains up to 60 × 60 × 10 wavelengths, involving surface samples with significant height variations. Furthermore, we propose a new system for efficiently computing BRDF values for large numbers of incident and outgoing directions at once, by combining small simulations to characterize larger areas. Our simulator will be released as an open-source toolkit for computing surface scattering. 
    more » « less