skip to main content
US FlagAn official website of the United States government
dot gov icon
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
https lock icon
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( lock ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Explore Research Products in the PAR
It may take a few hours for recently added research products to appear in PAR search results.


  • NSF Public Access
  • Search Results
  • A review on synthesis and engineering of crystal precursors produced via coprecipitation for multicomponent lithium-ion battery cathode materials
Title: A review on synthesis and engineering of crystal precursors produced via coprecipitation for multicomponent lithium-ion battery cathode materials
Interest in developing high performance lithium-ion rechargeable batteries has motivated research in precise control over the composition, phase, and morphology during materials synthesis of battery active material particles for decades. Coprecipitation, as one of the most reported methods in the literature to produce precursors for lithium-ion battery active materials, has drawn attention due to its simplicity, scalability, homogeneous mixing at the atomic scale, and tunability over particle morphology. This highlight summarizes the advancements that have been made in producing crystalline particles of tunable and complex morphologies via coprecipitation for use as lithium-ion battery precursor materials. Comparison among different crystallization reagents, solution conditions that influence the properties of crystal particles, and the fundamental knowledge from equilibrium and/or kinetic study of the coprecipitation processes, are systematically discussed. The research reports and guiding principles summarized in this highlight are meant to improve selections made by researchers to efficiently determine synthesis conditions. In addition, it is desired that the methods applied from the study of crystallization will inspire researchers to pursue further investigation of the nucleation and growth mechanisms of these coprecipitation processes, which will be necessary to achieve truly predictive particle synthesis.  more » « less
Award ID(s):
1652488
PAR ID:
10207875
Author(s) / Creator(s):
;
Date Published:
Journal Name:
CrystEngComm
Volume:
22
Issue:
9
ISSN:
1466-8033
Page Range / eLocation ID:
1514 to 1530
Format(s):
Medium: X
Sponsoring Org:
National Science Foundation
More Like this
  1. ; (, Journal of Materials Chemistry A)
    Multicomponent transition metal oxides are among the most successful lithium-ion battery cathode materials, and many previous reports have described the sensitivity of final electrochemical performance of the active materials to the detailed composition and processing. Coprecipitation of a precursor template is a popular, scalable route to synthesize these transition metal oxide cathode materials because of the homogeneous mixing of the transition metals within the particles, and the morphology control provided by the precursors. However, the deviation of the precursor composition from feed conditions is a challenge that has generally not been reported in previous studies. Using a target final material of the high voltage spinel LiMn 1.5 Ni 0.5 O 4 as an example, we show in this study that the compositional deviation caused by coprecipitation can be significant under certain conditions, impacting the calcined final material structure and electrochemical properties. The study herein provides insights into the role of solution equilibrium and rate of precipitation of the transition metals during precipitate formation on precursor, and thus final active material, composition. Such knowledge is necessary to rationally predict and tune multicomponent battery precursor compositions synthesized via coprecipitation with high levels of accuracy. 
    more » « less
  2. ; ; (, Journal of The Electrochemical Society)
    Chemical redox reactions between redox shuttles and lithium-ion battery particles have applications in electrochemical systems including redox-mediated flow batteries, photo-assisted lithium-ion batteries, and lithium-ion battery overcharge protection. These previous studies, combined with interest in chemical redox of battery materials in general, has resulted in previous reports of the chemical oxidation and/or reduction of solid lithium-ion materials. However, in many of these reports, a single redox shuttle is the focus and/or the experimental conditions are relatively limited. Herein, a study of chemical redox for a series of redox shuttles reacted with a lithium-ion battery cathode material will be reported. Both oxidation and reduction of the solid material with redox shuttles as a function of time will be probed using ferrocene derivatives with different half-wave potentials. The progression of the chemical redox was tracked by using electrochemical analysis of the redox shuttles in a custom electrochemical cell, and rate constants for chemical redox were extracted from using two different models. This study provides evidence that redox shuttle-particle interactions play a role in the overall reaction rate, and more broadly support that this experimental method dependent on electrochemical analysis can be applied for comparison of redox shuttles reacting with solid electroactive materials. 
    more » « less
  3. (, JOM)
    Although lithium-ion batteries represent the best available rechargeable battery technology, a significant energy and power density gap exists between LIBs and petrol/gasoline. The battery electrodes comprise a mixture of active materials particles, conductive carbon, and binder additives deposited onto a current collector. Although this basic design has persisted for decades, the active material particle’s desired size scale is debated. Traditionally, microparticles have been used in batteries. Advances in nanotechnology have spurred interest in deploying nanoparticles as active materials. However, despite many efforts in nano, industries still primarily use ‘old’ microparticles. Most importantly, the battery industry is unlikely to replace microstructures with nanometer-sized analogs. This poses an important question: Is there a place for nanostructure in battery design due to irreplaceable microstructure? The way forward lies in multiscale active materials, microscale structures with built-in nanoscale features, such as microparticles assembled from nanoscale building blocks or patterned with engineered or natural nanopores. Although experimental strides have been made in developing such materials, computational progress in this domain remains limited and, in some cases, negligible. However, the fields hold immense computational potential, presenting a multitude of opportunities. This perspective highlights the existing gaps in modeling multiscale active materials and delineates various open challenges in the realm of electro-chemo-mechanical modeling. By doing so, it aims to inspire computational research within this field and promote synergistic collaborative efforts between computational and experimental researchers. 
    more » « less
  4. ; ; (, MRS Advances)
    AbstractGreenhouse gas emission reduction is often cited as a reason for high energy density, next-generation battery development. As lithium-O2battery research has progressed, researchers have examined the potential of many novel materials in the drive to reduce parasitic reactions and increase capacity. While the field has made great strides towards producing more reliable batteries, there has been little verification that lithium-O2batteries will reduce net environmental impacts. This paper examines how material selection ultimately impacts lithium-O2battery environmental impacts. Given that researchers should not wait until lithium-O2batteries reach commercialization to assess their environmental impact, this paper describes how to incorporate LCA as an integral part of the battery design process. Furthermore, it provides impact factors of many relevant materials to increase the ease of LCA for the field. <bold>Graphic abstract</bold> 
    more » « less
  5. ; ; ; ; ; ; (, Advanced Materials Interfaces)
    Abstract Lithium‐ion battery electrodes are manufactured using a new additive manufacturing process based on dry powders. By using dry powder‐based processing, the solvent and its associated drying processes in conventional battery process can be removed, allowing for large‐scale Li‐ion battery production to be more economically viable in markets such as automotive energy storage systems. Uniform mixing distribution of the additive materials throughout the active material is the driving factor for manufacturing dry powder‐based Li‐ion batteries. Therefore, this article focuses on developing a physical model based on interfacial energies to understand the mixing characteristics of the dry mixed particulate materials. The mixing studies show that functional electrodes can be manufactured using dry processing with binder and conductive additive materials as low as 1 wt% due to the uniformly distributed particles. Electrochemical performance of the dry manufactured electrodes with reduced conductive and binder additive is promising as the cells retained 77% capacity after 100 cycles. While not representative of the best possible electrochemical performance of Li‐ion batteries, the achieved electrochemical performance of the reduced conductive and binder additive electrodes with LiCoO2as the active material confirms the well distributed nature of the additive particles throughout the electrode matrix. 
    more » « less
  • Citation Formats
  • MLA
  • APA
  • Chicago
  • BibTeX
  • Save / Share this Record
  • Send to Email