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1. Gain Enhancement of a 94GHz LTCC Integrated Horn Antenna Using High Impedance Periphery

   M. Carvalho, A. Akhiyat (April 2019, Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society journal)

   null (Ed.)

   There is a growing interest to implement antennain-package (AiP) systems for a variety of applications such as imaging, beamforming, integrated transceivers, and radars. Substrate integrated pyramidal antennas are valuable AiP candidates owing to their small form factor, integration ease, and high gain. However, height reduction, dielectric losses and integration of the latter can drastically degrade their gain pattern and limit their applications. This degradation is mainly due to undesired excitations on the surface of the dielectric. For the first time in this paper, we present a Grounded Co-Planar Waveguide-fed (GCPW) 94GHz low temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) pyramidal horn antenna. To prevent parasitic TE excitations, a mushroom type High Impedance Surface (HIS) periphery is implemented. The combined antenna with HIS surrounding leads to approximately 2.3dB improvement in gain. Concurrently, the 3dB beamwidth is reduced by 26 in both E-Plane and H-Plane 

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2. Experimental Results of a Compressive Reflector Antenna Producing Spatial Coding

   https://doi.org/10.1109/APUSNCURSINRSM.2018.8608304  

   Molaei, Ali; Graham, Katherine; Tirado, Luis; Ghanbarzadeh, Ashkan; Bisulco, Anthony; Heredia-Juesas, Juan; Liu, Chang; Von Holten, Joseph; Martinez-Lorenzo, Jose A. (July 2018, 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation & USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting)

   This paper presents the design and fabrication of a Compressive Reflector Antenna (CRA) for high-sensing-capacity millimeter-wave imaging applications. The CRA is fabricated using additive manufacturing or 3D printing and metalized by applying silver conductive coating spray on its surface. The near-fields of the CRA are measured when it is fed by a conical horn antenna, a compressive horn antenna, and a perturbed cavity.The singular value distribution and sensing capacity of the CRA fed by the aforementioned antennas are calculated and compared. 

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3. Effect of Internal Reflections on the Performance of Lens-Integrated mmW and THz Antennas

   Ozbey, B.; Sertel, K. (March 2018, Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Symposium)

   Multiple reflections from electrically large hemispherical lens surfaces of lens-integrated antennas are investigated using an iterative Huygens’ integral approach. In particular for mmW- and THz-band applications, double-slot antennas on extended hemispherical high-resistivity Silicon lenses have been widely used due to the high Gaussisicity of their radiation/ reception patterns. Previous studies assumed an electrically-large lens and evaluated the antenna pattern using first-order physical optics approximation. Although this approach is fairly accurate for estimating the radiation pattern of such antennas, the reception pattern and the associated performance of receiving sensors need a more careful consideration due to the relatively large level of internal reflections from the concave boundary of the high index lens. Here, we present an iterative method to compute and study the effects of multiple reflections inside electrically large lenses. The rich nature of quasi-optical wave behavior is demonstrated through several examples corresponding to individual bounces of the incident, reflected, and transmitted waves from a double slot antenna. 

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4. A shared-aperture pentaband antenna with high impedance surface for CubeSat application

   https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-66632-7  

   Uddin, Md Nazim; Alwan, Elias A (December 2024, Scientific Reports)

   A circular polarized (CP) pentaband antenna based on the aperture-in-aperture (AIA) concept is presented for CubeSat applications. This AIA consists of five different bands ranging from L-band to Ka-band. Four different antennas, each operating at a specific frequency band, namely 12 GHz, 18.5 GHz, 26 GHz, and 32 GHz, were incorporated into an L-band (viz. 1.5 GHz) antenna. Notably, the five antennas can operate simultaneously for a CubeSat downlink operation with a frequency ratio of 21.3:1. The antenna structure shows a realized gain of 5–10 dBi with good CP bandwidth (< 3 dB) across the overall operational frequency range. That is, the realized gain of L-band (1.5 GHz), X-band (12.5 GHz), K-band1 (18.5 GHz), K-band2 (26 GHz), and Ka-bands (32 GHz) are 5.05 dBi, 8.21 dBi, 7.33 dBi, 7.97 dBi, and 8.56 dBi. A high impedance surface (HIS) is incorporated with the Ka-band antenna to mitigate the ripples in the radiation pattern created by the interference of surface waves. A prototype was fabricated and tested. The measurement data agrees well with the simulation. 

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5. Switched Beam SIW Horn Arrays at 60 GHz for 360° Chip-to-Chip Communications

   https://doi.org/10.1109/RWS50353.2021.9360360  

   Baniya, Prabhat; Melde, Kathleen L. (February 2021, 2021 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium (RWS))

   null (Ed.)

   Switched beam horn arrays at 60 GHz based on the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology are presented for use in reconfigurable chip-to-chip communications. Each array has eight identical printed horn elements. The elements can be individually excited to produce eight directive endfire beams, at an angular spacing of 45°, in the azimuth plane. The arrays enable each chip to communicate with its eight surrounding neighbors. The side and back lobes of the element radiation pattern, however, causes interference to chips that are in the unintended directions. The wireless links are analyzed using the measured and simulated transmission coefficients between the arrays in the line-of-sight (LoS) and non-line-of-sight (NLoS) directions. 

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