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1. High-Order Input-Reflectionless Bandpass/Bandstop Filters and Multiplexers

   https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2019.2924975  

   Gomez-Garcia, Roberto; Munoz-Ferreras, Jose-Maria; Psychogiou, Dimitra (July 2019, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques)

   A coupling-matrix approach for the theoretical design of a type of input-reflectionless RF/microwave bandpass filters (BPFs) and bandstop filters (BSFs) is presented. They are based on diplexer architectures with arbitrary-order bandpass and bandstop filtering channels that feature complementary transfer functions. The transmission behavior of these reflectionless filters is defined by the channel that is not loaded at its output, whereas the input-signal energy that is not transmitted by this branch is completely dissipated by the loading resistor of the other channel. Analytical formulas for the coupling coefficients for the first-to-fourth-order filter designs are provided and validated through several synthesis examples. This theoretical design methodology, along with an optimization step, is also exploited to design input-quasi-reflectionless quasielliptic- type BPFs with a transmission-zero-(TZ)-generation cell in their bandpass filtering channel. In addition, the application of the proposed input-reflectionless BPF and BSF networks to input-quasi-reflectionless multiplexer design is approached. It is shown that a single resistively terminated multi-band BSF branch can absorb the input-signal energy not transmitted by the multiplexer channels in their common stopband regions to achieve quasi-reflectionless characteristics at its input. Moreover, experimental microstrip prototypes consisting of 2-GHz third-order BPF and BSF circuits, a 2-GHz sharp-rejection thirdorder BPF with two close-to-passband TZs, and a second-order diplexer device with channels centered at 1.75 and 2.1 GHz are developed and measured. 

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2. Mixed-technology quasi-reflectionless planar filters: bandpass, bandstop, and multi-band designs

   https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S1759078719000230  

   Dakotah, Simpson; Garcia-Gomez, Roberto; Psychogiou, Dimitra (June 2019, International journal of microwave and wireless technologies)

   The design of mixed-technology quasi-reflectionless planar bandpass filters (BPFs), bandstop filters (BSFs), and multi-band filters is reported. The proposed quasi-reflectionless filter architectures comprise a main filtering section that determines the power transmission response (bandpass, bandstop, or multi-band type) of the overall circuit network and auxiliary sections that absorb the reflected radio-frequency (RF) signal energy. By loading the input and output ports of the main filtering section with auxiliary filtering sections that exhibit a complementary transfer function with regard to the main one, a symmetric quasi-reflectionless behavior can be obtained at both accesses of the overall filter. The operating principles of the proposed filter concept are shown through synthesized first-order BPF and BSF designs. Selectivity-increase techniques are also described. They are based on: (i) cascading in-series multiple first-order stages and (ii) increasing the order of the filtering sections. Moreover, the RF design of quasi-reflectionless multi-band BPFs and BSFs is discussed. A hybrid integration scheme in which microstrip-type and lumped-elements are effectively combined within the filter volume is investigated for size miniaturization purposes. For experimental validation purposes, two quasi-reflectionless BPF prototypes (one- and two-stage architectures) centered at 2 GHz and a second-order BSF prototype centered at 1 GHz were designed, manufactured, and measured. 

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3. Quasi-elliptic dual-band bandpass filters based on series-cascaded multi-resonant cells

   https://doi.org/10.1017/S1759078720000756  

   Ashley, Andrea; Simpson, Dakotah J.; Psychogiou, Dimitra (April 2020, International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies)

   This paper reports on quasi-elliptic dual-band bandpass filters (BPFs) that were designed for the Filter Student Design Competition of the 2019 European Microwave Week. The proposed lumped-element (LE) BPF concept is based on two dual-band transversal cells and one multi-resonant cell that allow the realization of symmetric and asymmetric dual-band transfer functions shaped by six poles and five transmission zeros. A compact implementation scheme based on LE series resonators is proposed for size compactness and wide spurious free out-of-band response. For proof-of-concept demonstration purposes, a dual-band LE prototype with two passbands centered 1 and 1.5 GHz was designed, manufactured, and measured. It exhibited the following radio frequency measured performance characteristics. Passbands centered at 1.02 and 1.45 GHz, minimum insertion loss levels of 2.0 and 2.7 dB, and bandwidth of 146 and 105 MHz, respectively, for the first and the second passband, and out-of-band rejection >30 dB between 0 and 894 MHz, 1.17–1.34 GHz, and 1.72–6.9 GHz. 

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4. Input- Reflectionless Acoustic-Wave-Lumped- Element Resonator-Based Bandpass Filters

   Psychogiou, Dimitra; Simpson, Dakotah; Gómez-García, Roberto (August 2018, 2018 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS)

   This paper reports on an RF design methodology for acoustic-wave-resonator-(AWR)-based bandpass filters (BPFs) with input-reflectionless behavior in both their passband and stopband regions. The proposed concept is based on acoustic-wave-lumped-element resonators (AWLRs) that are incorporated in series-cascaded reflectionless stages (RLSs). Each RLS comprises a first-order bandpass section-shaped by three impedance inverters and one AWLR-and a first-order resistively-terminated bandstop section-shaped by two impedance inverters and one AWLR-that are designed to exhibit complementary transfer functions. In this manner, an input-reflectionless behavior can be obtained both at the passband and stopband regions of the filter. In addition, the use of AWLRs in the RLSs facilitates the realization of high-quality-factor quasi-elliptic-type transfer functions with fractional bandwidths (FBWs) that are wider than the electromechanical coupling coefficient (kt 2 ) of its constituent AWRs. For proof-of-concept validation purposes, one- and two-state prototypes were manufactured, and measured at 418 MHz using commercially-available surface-acoustic-wave resonators. 

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5. A Radio Frequency Comb Filter for Sparse Fourier Transform-Based Spectrum Sensing

   https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2018.8579645  

   Lu, Ruochen; Manzaneque, Tomas; Yang, Yansong; Zhou, Jin; Hassanieh, Haitham; Gong, Songbin (October 2018, 2018 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS))

   This work demonstrates a passive low-insertion-loss (IL)RF filter with periodic passbands and capable of sparsifying the spectrum from 238 to 526 MHz for sparse Fourier transform (SFT)based spectrum sensing. The demonstrated periodic filter employs LiNbO 3 lateral overtone bulk acoustic resonators (LOBARs)with high-quality factors (Qs), large electromechanical coupling (k t 2 ), and multiple equally spaced resonances in a ladder topology. The fabricated LOBARs show k t 2 larger than 1.5% and figure of merits (k 2 Q) more than 30 for over 10 tones simultaneously and are both among the highest demonstrated in overmoded resonators. The multi-band filter centered at 370 MHz have then been obtained with a passband span of 291 MHz, a spectral spacing of 22 MHz, an IL of 2 dB, FBWs around 0.6%, and a sparsification ratio between 7 and 15. An out-of-band rejection around 25 dB has also been achieved for more than 14 bands. The great performance demonstrated by the RF filter with 14 useable periodic passbands will serve to enable future sparse Fourier transform-based spectrum sensing. 

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