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1. Host body size, not host population size, predicts genome-wide effective population size of parasites

   https://doi.org/10.1093/evlett/qrad026  

   Doña, Jorge ; Johnson, Kevin P. ( June 2023 , Evolution Letters)

   The effective population size (Ne) of an organism is expected to be generally proportional to the total number of individuals in a population. In parasites, we might expect the effective population size to be proportional to host population size and host body size, because both are expected to increase the number of parasite individuals. However, among other factors, parasite populations are sometimes so extremely subdivided that high levels of inbreeding may distort these predicted relationships. Here, we used whole-genome sequence data from dove parasites (71 feather louse species of the genus Columbicola) and phylogenetic comparative methods to study the relationship between parasite effective population size and host population size and body size. We found that parasite effective population size is largely explained by host body size but not host population size. These results suggest the potential local population size (infrapopulation or deme size) is more predictive of the long-term effective population size of parasites than is the total number of potential parasite infrapopulations (i.e., host individuals).
2. Influence of sex and habitat on the size and shape of anal and dorsal fins of the blackstripe topminnow Fundulus notatus: fin size and shape in fundulus notatus

   https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.12564  

   Welsh, D. P. ; Fuller, R. C. ( January 2015 , Journal of Fish Biology)
3. High-Resolution Sampling of a Broad Marine Life Size Spectrum Reveals Differing Size- and Composition-Based Associations With Physical Oceanographic Structure

   https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.542701  

   Greer, Adam T. ; Lehrter, John C. ; Binder, Benjamin M. ; Nayak, Aditya R. ; Barua, Ranjoy ; Rice, Ana E. ; Cohen, Jonathan H. ; McFarland, Malcolm N. ; Hagemeyer, Alexis ; Stockley, Nicole D. ; et al ( December 2020 , Frontiers in Marine Science)

   Observing multiple size classes of organisms, along with oceanographic properties and water mass origins, can improve our understanding of the drivers of aggregations, yet acquiring these measurements remains a fundamental challenge in biological oceanography. By deploying multiple biological sampling systems, from conventional bottle and net sampling to in situ imaging and acoustics, we describe the spatial patterns of different size classes of marine organisms (several microns to ∼10 cm) in relation to local and regional (m to km) physical oceanographic conditions on the Delaware continental shelf. The imaging and acoustic systems deployed included (in ascending order of target organism size) an imaging flow cytometer (CytoSense), a digital holographic imaging system (HOLOCAM), an In Situ Ichthyoplankton Imaging System (ISIIS, 2 cameras with different pixel resolutions), and multi-frequency acoustics (SIMRAD, 18 and 38 kHz). Spatial patterns generated by the different systems showed size-dependent aggregations and differing connections to horizontal and vertical salinity and temperature gradients that would not have been detected with traditional station-based sampling (∼9-km resolution). A direct comparison of the two ISIIS cameras showed composition and spatial patchiness changes that depended on the organism size, morphology, and camera pixel resolution. Large zooplankton near the surface, primarily composed of appendicularians andmore »gelatinous organisms, tended to be more abundant offshore near the shelf break. This region was also associated with high phytoplankton biomass and higher overall organism abundances in the ISIIS, acoustics, and targeted net sampling. In contrast, the inshore region was dominated by hard-bodied zooplankton and had relatively low acoustic backscatter. The nets showed a community dominated by copepods, but they also showed high relative abundances of soft-bodied organisms in the offshore region where these organisms were quantified by the ISIIS. The HOLOCAM detected dense patches of ciliates that were too small to be captured in the nets or ISIIS imagery. This near-simultaneous deployment of different systems enables the description of the spatial patterns of different organism size classes, their spatial relation to potential prey and predators, and their association with specific oceanographic conditions. These datasets can also be used to evaluate the efficacy of sampling techniques, ultimately aiding in the design of efficient, hypothesis-driven sampling programs that incorporate these complementary technologies.« less
4. The effects of age, sex, and habitat on body size and shape of the blackstripe topminnow, Fundulus notatus (Cyprinodontiformes: Fundulidae) (Rafinesque 1820): Size and Shape of the Blackstripe Topminnow

   https://doi.org/10.1111/bij.12022  

   Welsh, Daniel P. ; Zhou, Muchu ; Mussmann, Steven M. ; Fields, Lauren G. ; Thomas, Claire L. ; Pearish, Simon P. ; Kilburn, Stephanie L. ; Parker, Jerrod L. ; Stein, Laura R. ; Bartlett, Jennifer A. ; et al ( April 2013 , Biological Journal of the Linnean Society)
5. Controlled deposition of size-selected MnO nanoparticle thin films for water splitting applications: reduction of onset potential with particle size

   https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/aab543  

   Khojasteh, Malak ; Haghighat, Shima ; Dawlaty, Jahan M ; Kresin, Vitaly V ( May 2018 , Nanotechnology)