As many mobile devices use Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) to determine their locations for control, compromising such systems can result in serious consequences, as shown by existing GPS spoofing attacks. However, most such spoofing attacks focus on the effect of a single spoofer attacking a single receiver. In this paper, we investigate the impacts of a single spoofer on multiple receivers, motivated by research on attacking drone swarms. Our analysis independently shows that, using a single spoofer, multiple receivers at different locations in a spoofing area will see the same location reading. We consider the base case of spoofing four satellites and also the generic case when more satellites are involved in the spoofing attack. More importantly, we conduct real-world experiments to validate our analysis and demonstrate the potential threats to many practical applications. We use off-the-shelf SDR cards for spoofing and consumer GPS receivers for obtaining spoofed location readings. While this method can enable various attacks on mobile devices depending on GPS, it is also applicable to all existing GNSSs, because they use similar principles to determine locations.
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A Safety Constrained Control Framework for UAVs in GPS Denied Environment
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) suffer from sensor drifts in GPS denied environments, which can lead to potentially dangerous situations. To avoid intolerable sensor drifts in the presence of GPS spoofing attacks, we propose a safety constrained control framework that adapts the UAV at a path re-planning level to support resilient state estimation against GPS spoofing attacks. The attack detector is used to detect GPS spoofing attacks and provides a switching criterion between the robust control mode and emergency control mode. An attacker location tracker (ALT) is developed to track the attacker's location and estimate the spoofing device's output power by the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) with sliding window outputs. Using the estimates from ALT, we design an escape controller (ESC) based on the model predictive controller (MPC) such that the UAV escapes from the effective range of the spoofing device within the escape time.
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- Award ID(s):
- 1932529
- PAR ID:
- 10296819
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- 59th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 214 to 219
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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