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1. Chaos and the reparametrization mode on the AdS2 string

   https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP09(2023)023  

   Giombi, Simone; Komatsu, Shota; Offertaler, Bendeguz (September 2023, Journal of High Energy Physics)

   A<sc>bstract</sc> We study the holographic correlators corresponding to scattering of fluctuations of an open string worldsheet with AdS₂geometry. In the out-of-time-order configuration, the correlators display a Lyapunov growth that saturates the chaos bound. We show that in a double-scaling limit interpolating between the Lyapunov regime and the late time exponential decay, the out-of-time-order correlator (OTOC) can be obtained exactly, and it has the same functional form found in the analogous calculation in JT gravity. The result can be understood as coming from high energy scattering near the horizon of a AdS₂black hole, and is essentially controlled by the flat space worldsheet S-matrix. While previous works on the AdS₂string employed mainly a static gauge approach, here we focus on conformal gauge and clarify the role of boundary reparametrizations in the calculation of the correlators. We find that the reparametrization mode is governed by a non-local action which is distinct from the Schwarzian action arising in JT gravity, and in particular leads to SL(2,ℝ) invariant boundary correlators. The OTOC in the double-scaling limit, however, has the same functional form as that obtained from the Schwarzian, and it can be computed using the reparametrization action and resumming a subset of diagrams that are expected to dominate in the limit. One application of our results is to the defect CFT defined by the half-BPS Wilson loop in$$ \mathcal{N} $$ $N$= 4 SYM. In this context, we show that the exact result for the OTOC in the double-scaling limit is in precise agreement with a recent analytic bootstrap prediction to three-loop order at strong coupling. 

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2. Scattering from (p, q)-strings in AdS5 × S5

   https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP03(2025)181  

   Pufu, Silviu S; Rodriguez, Victor A; Wang, Yifan (March 2025, Journal of High Energy Physics)

   A<sc>bstract</sc> Motivated by understanding the scattering of gravitons and their superpartners from extended (p,q)-strings in type IIB string theory via AdS/CFT, we study an integrated two-point function of stress tensor multiplet operators in the presence of a half-BPS line defect in$$ \mathcal{N} $$ $N$= 4 SU(N) super-Yang-Mills theory. We determine this integrated correlator at the five lowest non-trivial orders in$$ 1/\sqrt{N} $$ $1/\sqrt{N}$at fixed Yang-Mills coupling andθangle. Our calculations are performed explicitly when the line defect is a Wilson line, in which case we find a finite number of perturbative contributions at each order in$$ 1/\sqrt{N} $$ $1/\sqrt{N}$, as well as instanton contributions. Using SL(2,ℤ) transformations, our results can also be applied to Wilson-’t Hooft line defects dual to extended (p,q)-strings in the bulk. We analyze features of these integrated correlators in the weak coupling expansion by comparing with open-closed amplitudes of type IIB string theory on AdS₅× S⁵, as well as in its flat space limit. We predict new higher-derivative interaction vertices on the D1-brane and, more generally, on (p,q)-strings. 

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3. Strong coupling expansion of circular Wilson loops and string theories in AdS5 × S5 and AdS4 × CP3

   https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP10(2020)130  

   Giombi, Simone; Tseytlin, Arkady A. (October 2020, Journal of High Energy Physics)

   null (Ed.)

   A bstract We revisit the problem of matching the strong coupling expansion of the $$ \frac{1}{2} $$ 1 2 BPS circular Wilson loops in $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 4 SYM and ABJM gauge theories with their string theory duals in AdS 5 × S 5 and AdS 4 × CP 3 , at the first subleading (one-loop) order of the expansion around the minimal surface. We observe that, including the overall factor 1/ g s of the inverse string coupling constant, as appropriate for the open string partition function with disk topology, and a universal prefactor proportional to the square root of the string tension T , both the SYM and ABJM results precisely match the string theory prediction. We provide an explanation of the origin of the $$ \sqrt{T} $$ T prefactor based on special features of the combination of one-loop determinants appearing in the string partition function. The latter also implies a natural generalization Z χ ∼ ( $$ \sqrt{T}/{g}_{\mathrm{s}} $$ T / g s ) χ to higher genus contributions with the Euler number χ , which is consistent with the structure of the 1/ N corrections found on the gauge theory side. 

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4. The spectrum of marginally-deformed $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 2 CFTs with AdS4 S-fold duals of type IIB

   https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP12(2021)214  

   Cesàro, Mattia; Larios, Gabriel; Varela, Oscar (December 2021, Journal of High Energy Physics)

   A bstract A holographic duality was recently established between an $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 4 non-geometric AdS 4 solution of type IIB supergravity in the so-called S-fold class, and a three- dimensional conformal field theory (CFT) defined as a limit of $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 4 super-Yang-Mills at an interface. Using gauged supergravity, the $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 2 conformal manifold (CM) of this CFT has been assessed to be two-dimensional. Here, we holographically characterise the large- N operator spectrum of the marginally-deformed CFT. We do this by, firstly, providing the algebraic structure of the complete Kaluza-Klein (KK) spectrum on the associated two-parameter family of AdS4 solutions. And, secondly, by computing the $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 2 super-multiplet dimensions at the first few KK levels on a lattice in the CM, using new exceptional field theory techniques. Our KK analysis also allows us to establish that, at least at large N , this $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 2 CM is topologically a non-compact cylindrical Riemann surface bounded on only one side. 

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5. Non-planar corrections in ABJM theory from quantum M2 branes

   https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP11(2024)056  

   Giombi, Simone; Kurlyand, Stefan A; Tseytlin, Arkady A (November 2024, Journal of High Energy Physics)

   A<sc>bstract</sc> The quantization of semiclassical strings in AdS spacetimes yields predictions for the strong-coupling behaviour of the scaling dimensions of the corresponding operators in the planar limit of the dual gauge theory. Finding non-planar corrections requires computing string loops (corresponding to torus and higher genus surfaces), which is a challenging task. It turns out that in the case of theU_k(N) ×U_−k(N) ABJM theory there is an alternative approach: one may semiclassically quantize M2 branes in AdS₄×S⁷/ℤ_kwhich are wrapped around the 11d circle of radius 1/k=λ/N. Such M2 branes are the M-theory generalization of the strings in AdS × CP³. In this work, we show that by expanding in large M2 brane tensionT₂~$$ \sqrt{kN} $$ $\sqrt{\mathrm{kN}}$for fixedk, followed by an expansion in largek, we can predict the largeλasymptotics of the non-planar corrections to the dimensions of the dual ABJM operators. As a specific example, we consider the M2 brane configuration that generalizes the long folded string with large spin in AdS₄, and compute the 1-loop correction to its energy. This calculation allows us to determine non-planar corrections to the universal scaling function or cusp anomalous dimension. We extend our analysis to the semiclassical M2 branes that generalize the “short” and “long” circular strings with two equal angular momenta in CP³. The “short” M2 brane corresponds to a dual operator whose dimension at strong coupling scales as ∆ ∼λ^1/4+ …, and we derive the leading non-planar correction to it. 

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