Using synoptic classification techniques, synoptic‐scale weather types associated with large exports of dissolved organic carbon and nitrate‐nitrogen in three forested watersheds in the northeastern United States are analyzed. In contrast to Siegert et al. (2021,
Multi-year, spatially extensive, watershed-scale synoptic stream chemistry and water quality conditions for six permafrost-underlain Arctic watersheds
Abstract. Repeated sampling of spatially distributed riverchemistry can be used to assess the location, scale, and persistence ofcarbon and nutrient contributions to watershed exports. Here, we provide acomprehensive set of water chemistry measurements and ecohydrologicalmetrics describing the biogeochemical conditions of permafrost-affectedArctic watersheds. These data were collected in watershed-wide synopticcampaigns in six stream networks across northern Alaska. Three watershedsare associated with the Arctic Long-Term Ecological Research site at ToolikField Station (TFS), which were sampled seasonally each June and August from2016 to 2018. Three watersheds were associated with the National ParkService (NPS) of Alaska and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and weresampled annually from 2015 to 2019. Extensive water chemistrycharacterization included carbon species, dissolved nutrients, and majorions. The objective of the sampling designs and data acquisition was tocharacterize terrestrial–aquatic linkages and processing of material instream networks. The data allow estimation of novel ecohydrological metricsthat describe the dominant location, scale, and overall persistence ofecosystem processes in continuous permafrost. These metrics are (1)subcatchment leverage, (2) variance collapse, and (3) spatial persistence.Raw data are available at the National Park Service Integrated Resource Management Applications portal (O'Donnell et al., 2021, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9SBK2DZ) and within the Environmental Data Initiative (Abbott, 2021, https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/258a44fb9055163dd4dd4371b9dce945).
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- NSF-PAR ID:
- 10329273
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Earth System Science Data
- Volume:
- 14
- Issue:
- 1
- ISSN:
- 1866-3516
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 95 to 116
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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Abstract https://doi.org/10.1029/2020jd033413 ; Part 1), which details the general synoptic conditions associated with stream chemistry variations, this study focuses on the long‐term frequency, trends, and global‐scale forcing mechanisms of individual, chemistry‐relevant, synoptic types. Nine individual types are identified as the most important to stream chemistry exports in northeastern watersheds during a 2.5‐year period of high‐frequency stream chemistry observation (2014–2016). Streamflow chemistry was the most influenced by Northwest Flow synoptic weather types in Vermont, cold front passages associated with Weak Westerly Flow types in Rhode Island, and Southwest Flow (SWF) types in Maryland. Each type provides unique atmospheric conditions that result in variations in precipitation, and thus chemical signals. From 1948 to 2017, the Arctic and North Atlantic Oscillations greatly influenced the interannual frequency of the analyzed synoptic types. When the indices were positively phased, SWF types were more frequent, while Northwest Flow and Weak Westerly Flow types were less frequent. Long‐term trends in synoptic type frequency are, inpart, due to documented changes in these teleconnection indices toward more positively phased configurations. As the climate continues to change into the 21st century, such associations may continue to drive large changes in synoptic type frequency, and thus watershed hydrology and biogeochemistry in the Northeast region. -
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- Free Publicly Accessible Full Text
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Accepted Manuscript1.0
- Journal Article:
- https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-95-2022
