Title: Quasi-periodic Dimming of the ∼130 Myr-old Debris-Disk Hosting Star HD 240779 is not Persistent
Abstract Quasi-periodic (1.5 days) dimming (by circumstellar dust) of the 135 Myr-old AB Doradus moving group member HD 240779 was detected in photometry by TESS in late 2018. Similar observations two years later show no such signal, and ground-based photometry indicate that the signal was absent in late 2019. This suggests that the source of the dust did not survive long after 2018, e.g., it was a disrupted planetesimal, or that dust production by the body is episodic, analogous to the “evaporating” planets detected by Kepler. more »« less
Swan, Andrew; Kenyon, Scott J; Farihi, Jay; Dennihy, Erik; Gänsicke, Boris T; Hermes, J J; Melis, Carl; von Hippel, Ted
(, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society)
null
(Ed.)
ABSTRACT WD 0145+234 is a white dwarf that is accreting metals from a circumstellar disc of planetary material. It has exhibited a substantial and sustained increase in 3–5 $$\mu$$m flux since 2018. Follow-up Spitzer photometry reveals that emission from the disc had begun to decrease by late 2019. Stochastic brightening events superimposed on the decline in brightness suggest the liberation of dust during collisional evolution of the circumstellar solids. A simple model is used to show that the observations are indeed consistent with ongoing collisions. Rare emission lines from circumstellar gas have been detected at this system, supporting the emerging picture of white dwarf debris discs as sites of collisional gas and dust production.
Chow, C H; Cheah, W; Letelier, R M; Karl, D M; Tai, J‐H
(, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans)
Abstract Kı̄lauea volcano is one of the most active volcanoes in the world with nearly continuous seismic activity from 1983 to 2018. In May 2018, the Kı̄lauea volcano erupted and released volcanic ash into the atmosphere. Carried by easterly winds, the volcanic ash plume dispersed westward and by June 2018, the plume was observed over the central part (150E to 160W) of the nutrient‐poor North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG). Coincident with precipitation during the same period, anomalously high dust deposition comprised mostly of wet dust was observed over the same region. Consequently, patches of high chlorophyll (chl ) waters were observed approximately 5 north of the high dust deposition area from the middle of June to early August 2018 via satellite images. The phytoplankton bloom peaked in July encompassing 1.5 million , about 5 or 50 times the size of Malaysia or Taiwan, respectively. In addition to the large dust deposition, shoaling of the mixed layer in the range of 25–50 m is believed to have concentrated the bloom within the optical depth detected by satellite. Net primary production and export production estimated from satellite observations show that the July 2018 bloom generated an additional 1.91 Tg C of net carbon production, and 0.34 Tg C was exported from the euphotic zone.
Chong, Atticus; Aydi, Elias; Craig, Peter; Chomiuk, Laura; Stone, Ashley; Strader, Jay; Kawash, Adam; Sokolovsky, Kirill_V; Walter, Fred
(, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society)
ABSTRACT While nova eruptions produce some of the most common and dramatic dust formation episodes among astrophysical transients, the demographics of dust-forming novae remain poorly understood. Here, we present a statistical study of dust formation in 40 novae with high-quality optical/IR light curves, quantitatively distinguishing dust-forming from non-dust-forming novae while exploring the properties of the dust events. We find that 50–70 per cent of novae produce dust, significantly higher than previous estimates. Dust-forming novae can be separated from those that do not show dust formation by using the largest redward ($V-K$) colour change from peak visible brightness; ($V-J$) or ($V-H$) offer useful but less sensitive constraints. This makes optical+IR photometry a powerful tool to quantify dust formation in novae. We find that novae detected in GeV $$\gamma$$-rays by Fermi-LAT appear to form dust more often than novae not detected by Fermi, implying a possible connection between $$\gamma$$-ray-producing shocks and dust production. We also find that novae that evolve very quickly ($$t_2 < 10$$ d) are much less likely to form dust, in agreement with previous findings. We confirm a correlation between $$t_2$$ and the time of the onset of dust formation (which occurs $$\sim$$1 week–3 months after maximum light), but conclude that it is primarily an observational artefact driven by dust formation determining when a nova drops 2 mag below peak. The significant fraction of novae that form dust make them ideal laboratories in our Galactic backyard to tackle the puzzle of dust formation around explosive transients.
Singh, Swapnil; Ashby, M L; Vig, Sarita; Ghosh, S K; Jarrett, T; Crawford, T M; Malkan, Matthew A; Archipley, M; Vieira, J D
(, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society)
null
(Ed.)
ABSTRACT Star-forming galaxies are rich reservoirs of dust, both warm and cold. But the cold dust emission is faint alongside the relatively bright and ubiquitous warm dust emission. Recently, evidence for a very cold dust (VCD) component has also been revealed via millimetre/submillimetre (mm/sub-mm) photometry of some galaxies. This component, despite being the most massive of the three dust components in star-forming galaxies, is by virtue of its very low temperature, faint and hard to detect together with the relatively bright emission from warmer dust. Here, we analyse the dust content of a carefully selected sample of four galaxies detected by IRAS, WISE, and South Pole Telescope (SPT), whose spectral energy distributions (SEDs) were modelled to constrain their potential cold dust content. Low-frequency radio observations using the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) were carried out to segregate cold dust emission from non-thermal emission in mm/sub-mm wavebands. We also carried out AstroSat/Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) observations for some galaxies to constrain their SED at shorter wavelengths so as to enforce energy balance for the SED modelling. We constructed their SEDs across a vast wavelength range (extending from UV to radio frequencies) by assembling global photometry from GALEX FUV + NUV, UVIT, Johnson BRI, 2MASS, WISE, IRAC, IRAS, AKARI, ISO PHOT, Planck HFI, SPT, and GMRT. The SEDs were modelled with cigale to estimate their basic properties, in particular to constrain the masses of their total and VCD components. Although the galaxies’ dust masses are dominated by warmer dust, there are hints of VCD in two of the targets, NGC 7496 and NGC 7590.
Gaidos, Eric; Mann, Andrew W; Rojas-Ayala, Bárbara; Feiden, Gregory A; Wood, Mackenna L; Narayanan, Suchitra; Ansdell, Megan; Jacobs, Tom; LaCourse, Daryll
(, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society)
ABSTRACT Studies of T Tauri discs inform planet formation theory; observations of variability due to occultation by circumstellar dust are a useful probe of unresolved, planet-forming inner discs, especially around faint M dwarf stars. We report observations of 2M0632, an M dwarf member of the Carina young moving group that was observed by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite over two 1-yr intervals. The combined light curve contains >300 dimming events, each lasting a few hours, and as deep as 40 per cent (0.55 magnitudes). These stochastic events are correlated with a distinct, stable 1.86-d periodic signal that could be stellar rotation. Concurrent ground-based, multiband photometry show reddening consistent with interstellar medium-like dust. The star’s excess emission in the infrared and emission lines in optical and infrared spectra reveal a T Tauri-like accretion disc around the star. We confirm membership of 2M0632 in the Carina group by a Bayesian analysis of its Galactic space motion and position. We combine stellar evolution models with Gaia photometry and constraints on Teff, luminosity, and the absence of detectable lithium in the photosphere to constrain the age of the group and 2M0632 to 40–60 Myr, consistent with earlier estimates. 2M0632 joins a handful of long-lived discs which challenge the canon that disc lifetimes are ≲10 Myr. All known examples surround M dwarfs, suggesting that lower X-ray/ultraviolet irradiation and slower photoevaporation by these stars can dramatically affect disc evolution. The multiplanet systems spawned by long-lived discs probably experienced significant orbital damping and migration into close-in, resonant orbits, and perhaps represented by the TRAPPIST-1 system.
Gaidos, Eric. Quasi-periodic Dimming of the ∼130 Myr-old Debris-Disk Hosting Star HD 240779 is not Persistent. Retrieved from https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10337669. Research Notes of the AAS 6.3 Web. doi:10.3847/2515-5172/ac5b7c.
Gaidos, Eric. Quasi-periodic Dimming of the ∼130 Myr-old Debris-Disk Hosting Star HD 240779 is not Persistent. Research Notes of the AAS, 6 (3). Retrieved from https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10337669. https://doi.org/10.3847/2515-5172/ac5b7c
@article{osti_10337669,
place = {Country unknown/Code not available},
title = {Quasi-periodic Dimming of the ∼130 Myr-old Debris-Disk Hosting Star HD 240779 is not Persistent},
url = {https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10337669},
DOI = {10.3847/2515-5172/ac5b7c},
abstractNote = {Abstract Quasi-periodic (1.5 days) dimming (by circumstellar dust) of the 135 Myr-old AB Doradus moving group member HD 240779 was detected in photometry by TESS in late 2018. Similar observations two years later show no such signal, and ground-based photometry indicate that the signal was absent in late 2019. This suggests that the source of the dust did not survive long after 2018, e.g., it was a disrupted planetesimal, or that dust production by the body is episodic, analogous to the “evaporating” planets detected by Kepler.},
journal = {Research Notes of the AAS},
volume = {6},
number = {3},
author = {Gaidos, Eric},
}
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