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1. High-order symplectic Lie group methods on $ SO(n) $ using the polar decomposition

   https://doi.org/10.3934/jcd.2022003  

   Shen, Xuefeng; Tran, Khoa; Leok, Melvin (January 2022, Journal of Computational Dynamics)

   A variational integrator of arbitrarily high-order on the special orthogonal group \begin{document}$ SO(n) $$\end{document} is constructed using the polar decomposition and the constrained Galerkin method. It has the advantage of avoiding the second order derivative of the exponential map that arises in traditional Lie group variational methods. In addition, a reduced Lie–Poisson integrator is constructed and the resulting algorithms can naturally be implemented by fixed-point iteration. The proposed methods are validated by numerical simulations on \begin{document}$$ SO(3) $$\end{document}$ which demonstrate that they are comparable to variational Runge–Kutta–Munthe-Kaas methods in terms of computational efficiency. However, the methods we have proposed preserve the Lie group structure much more accurately and and exhibit better near energy preservation. 

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2. Common preperiodic points for quadratic polynomials

   https://doi.org/10.3934/jmd.2022012  

   DeMarco, Laura; Krieger, Holly; Ye, Hexi (January 2022, Journal of Modern Dynamics)

   Let \begin{document}$$ f_c(z) = z^2+c $$\end{document} for \begin{document}$$ c \in {\mathbb C} $$\end{document}. We show there exists a uniform upper bound on the number of points in \begin{document}$$ {\mathbb P}^1( {\mathbb C}) $$\end{document} that can be preperiodic for both \begin{document}$$ f_{c_1} $$\end{document} and \begin{document}$$ f_{c_2} $$\end{document}, for any pair \begin{document}$$ c_1\not = c_2 $$\end{document} in \begin{document}$$ {\mathbb C} $$\end{document}. The proof combines arithmetic ingredients with complex-analytic: we estimate an adelic energy pairing when the parameters lie in \begin{document}$$ \overline{\mathbb{Q}} $$\end{document}, building on the quantitative arithmetic equidistribution theorem of Favre and Rivera-Letelier, and we use distortion theorems in complex analysis to control the size of the intersection of distinct Julia sets. The proofs are effective, and we provide explicit constants for each of the results. 

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3. Highly accurate operator factorization methods for the integral fractional Laplacian and its generalization

   https://doi.org/10.3934/dcdss.2022016  

   Wu, Yixuan; Zhang, Yanzhi (January 2022, Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - S)

   In this paper, we propose a new class of operator factorization methods to discretize the integral fractional Laplacian \begin{document}$$ (- \Delta)^\frac{{ \alpha}}{{2}} $$\end{document} for \begin{document}$$ \alpha \in (0, 2) $$\end{document}. One main advantage is that our method can easily increase numerical accuracy by using high-degree Lagrange basis functions, but remain its scheme structure and computer implementation unchanged. Moreover, it results in a symmetric (multilevel) Toeplitz differentiation matrix, enabling efficient computation via the fast Fourier transforms. If constant or linear basis functions are used, our method has an accuracy of \begin{document}$$ {\mathcal O}(h^2) $$\end{document}, while \begin{document}$$ {\mathcal O}(h^4) $$\end{document} for quadratic basis functions with \begin{document}$ h $$\end{document} a small mesh size. This accuracy can be achieved for any \begin{document}$$ \alpha \in (0, 2) $$\end{document} and can be further increased if higher-degree basis functions are chosen. Numerical experiments are provided to approximate the fractional Laplacian and solve the fractional Poisson problems. It shows that if the solution of fractional Poisson problem satisfies \begin{document}$$ u \in C^{m, l}(\bar{ \Omega}) $$\end{document} for \begin{document}$$ m \in {\mathbb N} $$\end{document} and \begin{document}$$ 0 < l < 1 $$\end{document}, our method has an accuracy of \begin{document}$$ {\mathcal O}(h^{\min\{m+l, \, 2\}}) $$\end{document} for constant and linear basis functions, while \begin{document}$$ {\mathcal O}(h^{\min\{m+l, \, 4\}}) $$\end{document}$ for quadratic basis functions. Additionally, our method can be readily applied to approximate the generalized fractional Laplacians with symmetric kernel function, and numerical study on the tempered fractional Poisson problem demonstrates its efficiency. 

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4. Phase mixing for solutions to 1D transport equation in a confining potential

   https://doi.org/10.3934/krm.2022002  

   Chaturvedi, Sanchit; Luk, Jonathan (January 2022, Kinetic and Related Models)

   Consider the linear transport equation in 1D under an external confining potential \begin{document}$$ \Phi $$\end{document}: \begin{document}$$ \begin{equation*} {\partial}_t f + v {\partial}_x f - {\partial}_x \Phi {\partial}_v f = 0. \end{equation*} $$\end{document} For \begin{document}$$ \Phi = \frac {x^2}2 + \frac { \varepsilon x^4}2 $$\end{document} (with \begin{document}$$ \varepsilon >0 $$\end{document} small), we prove phase mixing and quantitative decay estimates for \begin{document}$$ {\partial}_t \varphi : = - \Delta^{-1} \int_{ \mathbb{R}} {\partial}_t f \, \mathrm{d} v $$\end{document}, with an inverse polynomial decay rate \begin{document}$$ O({\langle} t{\rangle}^{-2}) $$\end{document}. In the proof, we develop a commuting vector field approach, suitably adapted to this setting. We will explain why we hope this is relevant for the nonlinear stability of the zero solution for the Vlasov–Poisson system in \begin{document}$ 1 $$\end{document}D under the external potential \begin{document}$$ \Phi $$\end{document}$. 

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5. Realizing arbitrary $$d$$-dimensional dynamics by renormalization of $C^d$-perturbations of identity

   https://doi.org/10.3934/dcds.2021129  

   Fayad, Bassam; Saprykina, Maria (January 2022, Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems)

   Any \begin{document}$ C^d $$\end{document} conservative map \begin{document}$$ f $$\end{document} of the \begin{document}$$ d $$\end{document}-dimensional unit ball \begin{document}$$ {\mathbb B}^d $$\end{document}, \begin{document}$$ d\geq 2 $$\end{document}, can be realized by renormalized iteration of a \begin{document}$$ C^d $$\end{document} perturbation of identity: there exists a conservative diffeomorphism of \begin{document}$$ {\mathbb B}^d $$\end{document}, arbitrarily close to identity in the \begin{document}$$ C^d $$\end{document} topology, that has a periodic disc on which the return dynamics after a \begin{document}$$ C^d $$\end{document} change of coordinates is exactly \begin{document}$$ f $$\end{document}$. 

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