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1. Relationship Between Sprite Current and Morphology

   https://doi.org/10.1029/2020ja028930  

   Contreras‐Vidal, L. ; Sonnenfeld, R. G. ; da Silva, C. L. ; McHarg, M. G. ; Jensen, D. ; Harley, J. ; Taylor, L. ; Haaland, R. ; Stenbaek‐Nielsen, H. ( March 2021 , Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics)

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2. Examining the Capacity of Hurricane Matthew (2016) in Spawning Halo/Sprite‐Producible Lightning Strokes During Its Lifetime

   https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JD035097  

   Huang, Anjing ; Yang, Jing ; Cummer, Steven A. ; Lyu, Fanchao ; Liu, Ningyu ( July 2021 , Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres)
3. Optical Spectra of Small‐Scale Sprite Features Observed at 10,000 fps

   https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JD033170  

   Stenbaek‐Nielsen, H. C. ; McHarg, M. G. ; Haaland, R. ; Luque, A. ( October 2020 , Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres)

   Spectra of small‐scale sprite structures, downward and upward propagating streamers, glow, and beads, were recorded with a slitless spectrograph at 10,000 frames per second (fps) from aircraft missions in 2009 and 2013. The spectra are dominated by emissions from molecular nitrogen, the first positive band in the red, and in the blue the second positive band plus the first negative band of molecular nitrogen ions. The excitation threshold for the blue emissions is higher than for the red emissions, so the blue/red ratio can, in principle, be used as a proxy for the electron energy leading to the emissions. We extracted for analysis time series of spectra from 11 sprites: 18 time series from downward propagating streamers, 6 from upward propagating streamers, 14 from glow, and 12 from beads. The total number of spectra in the 50 time series is 953. Blue emissions are almost exclusively associated with streamers indicating the more energetic nature of streamers compared with glow and beads. Both downward and upward propagating streamers start and end with low blue emissions indicating time variations in the associated processes. Because the red and blue nitrogen emissions are significantly affected by quenching, which is altitude dependent, and we do not have sufficiently accurate altitudes, the observed spectral blue/red ratios cannot be directly applied to sprite models.

    

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4. Preliminary Modeling of Magnetized Sprite Streamers on Jupiter Following Juno's Observations of Possible Transient Luminous Events

   https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JA031009  

   Janalizadeh, Reza ; Pasko, Victor P. ( January 2023 , Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics)

   The first observation of possible transient luminous events (TLEs) on Jupiter was reported recently. Whereas initiation of elves on Jupiter has been theoretically studied before, the possibility of sprite streamer inception on Jupiter has not been investigated yet. Here we critically review the literature concerned with TLEs on Jupiter. Subsequently, we report on development of a numerical model for modeling of magnetized streamers in presence of Jupiter's strong magnetic field. The model utilizes the knowledge provided by recent observations of Jupiter's lightning and magnetic field by the Juno spacecraft. It is demonstrated that sprite streamer inception under realistic atmospheric conditions on Jupiter is possible.

    

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