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1. Fast First-Order Methods for Monotone Strongly DR-Submodular Maximization

   Sadeghi, Omid; Fazel, Maryam (January 2023, Proceedings of SIAM Conference on Applied and Computational Discrete Algorithms)

   Berry, Jonathan; Shmoys, David; Cowen, Lenore; Naumann, Uwe (Ed.)

   Continuous DR-submodular functions are a class of functions that satisfy the Diminishing Returns (DR) property, which implies that they are concave along non-negative directions. Existing works have studied monotone continuous DR-submodular maximization subject to a convex constraint and have proposed efficient algorithms with approximation guarantees. However, in many applications, e. g., computing the stability number of a graph and mean-field inference for probabilistic log-submodular models, the DR-submodular function has the additional property of being strongly concave along non-negative directions that could be utilized for obtaining faster convergence rates. In this paper, we first introduce and characterize the class of strongly DR-submodular functions and show how such a property implies strong concavity along non-negative directions. Then, we study L-smooth monotone strongly DR-submodular functions that have bounded curvature, and we show how to exploit such additional structure to obtain algorithms with improved approximation guarantees and faster convergence rates for the maximization problem. In particular, we propose the SDRFW algorithm that matches the provably optimal approximation ratio after only iterations, where c ∈ [0,1] and μ ≥ 0 are the curvature and the strong DR-submodularity parameter. Furthermore, we study the Projected Gradient Ascent (PGA) method for this problem and provide a refined analysis of the algorithm with an improved approximation ratio (compared to ½ in prior works) and a linear convergence rate. Given that both algorithms require knowledge of the smoothness parameter L, we provide a novel characterization of L for DR-submodular functions showing that in many cases, computing L could be formulated as a convex optimization problem, i. e., a geometric program, that could be solved efficiently. Experimental results illustrate and validate the efficiency and effectiveness of our algorithms. 

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2. Randomized Greedy Learning for Non-monotone Stochastic Submodular Maximization Under Full-bandit Feedback

   Fares Fourati, Vaneet Aggarwal (January 2023, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research)

   We investigate the problem of unconstrained combinatorial multi-armed bandits with fullbandit feedback and stochastic rewards for submodular maximization. Previous works investigate the same problem assuming a submodular and monotone reward function. In this work, we study a more general problem, i.e., when the reward function is not necessarily monotone, and the submodularity is assumed only in expectation. We propose Randomized Greedy Learning (RGL) algorithm and theoretically prove that it achieves a 1 2 -regret upper bound of O˜(nT 2 3 ) for horizon T and number of arms n. We also show in experiments that RGL empirically outperforms other full-bandit variants in submodular and non-submodular settings. 

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3. Influence Maximization Based on Dynamic Personal Perception in Knowledge Graph

   https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDE51399.2021.00132  

   Teng, Ya-Wen; Shi, Yishuo; Tai, Chih-Hua; Yang, De-Nian; Lee, Wang-Chien; Chen, Ming-Syan (April 2021, Proceedings of the 2021 IEEE 37th International Conference on Data Engineering (ICDE 2021))

   Viral marketing on social networks, also known as Influence Maximization (IM), aims to select k users for the promotion of a target item by maximizing the total spread of their influence. However, most previous works on IM do not explore the dynamic user perception of promoted items in the process. In this paper, by exploiting the knowledge graph (KG) to capture dynamic user perception, we formulate the problem of Influence Maximization based on Dynamic Personal Perception (IMDPP) that considers user preferences and social influence reflecting the impact of relevant item adoptions. We prove the hardness of IMDPP and design an approximation algorithm, named Dynamic perception for seeding in target markets (Dysim), by exploring the concepts of dynamic reachability, target markets, and substantial influence to select and promote a sequence of relevant items. We evaluate the performance of Dysim in comparison with the state-of-the-art approaches using real social networks with real KGs. The experimental results show that Dysim effectively achieves at least 6 times of influence spread in large datasets over the state-of-the-art approaches. 

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4. Randomized Greedy Learning for Non-monotone Stochastic Submodular Maximization Under Full-bandit Feedback

   Fourati, Fares; Aggarwal, Vaneet; Quinn, Christopher John; Alouini, Mohamed-Slim (April 2023, Proceedings of the International Workshop on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics)

   We investigate the problem of unconstrained combinatorial multi-armed bandits with full-bandit feedback and stochastic rewards for submodular maximization. Previous works investigate the same problem assuming a submodular and monotone reward function. In this work, we study a more general problem, i.e., when the reward function is not necessarily monotone, and the submodularity is assumed only in expectation. We propose Randomized Greedy Learning (RGL) algorithm and theoretically prove that it achieves a $$\frac{1}{2}$$-regret upper bound of $$\Tilde{\mathcal{O}}(n T^{\frac{2}{3}})$$ for horizon $$T$$ and number of arms $$n$$. We also show in experiments that RGL empirically outperforms other full-bandit variants in submodular and non-submodular settings. 

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5. Triangular Stability Maximization by Influence Spread over Social Networks

   https://doi.org/10.14778/3611479.3611490  

   Hu, Zheng; Zheng, Weiguo; Lian, Xiang (July 2023, Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment)

   In many real-world applications such as social network analysis and online advertising/marketing, one of the most important and popular problems is called influence maximization (IM), which finds a set of k seed users that maximize the expected number of influenced user nodes. In practice, however, maximizing the number of influenced nodes may be far from satisfactory for real applications such as opinion promotion and collective buying. In this paper, we explore the importance of stability and triangles in social networks, and formulate a novel problem in the influence spread scenario, named triangular stability maximization , over social networks, and generalize it to a general triangle influence maximization problem, which is proved to be NP-hard. We develop an efficient reverse influence sampling (RIS) based framework for the triangle IM with theoretical guarantees. To enable unbiased estimators, it demands probabilistic sampling of triangles, that is, sampling triangles according to their probabilities. We propose an edge-based triple sampling approach, which is exactly equivalent to probabilistic sampling and avoids costly triangle enumeration and materialization. We also design several pruning and reduction techniques, as well as a cost-model-guided heuristic algorithm. Extensive experiments and a case study over real-world graphs confirm the effectiveness of our proposed algorithms and the superiority of triangular stability maximization and triangle influence maximization. 

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