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Escalating carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions have intensified the greenhouse effect, posing a significant long-term threat to environmental sustainability. Direct air capture (DAC) has emerged as a promising approach to achieving a net-zero carbon future, which offers several practical advantages, such as independence from specific CO2 emission sources, economic feasibility, flexible deployment, and minimal risk of CO2 leakage. The design and optimization of DAC sorbents are crucial for accelerating industrial adoption. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), with high structural order and tunable pore sizes, present an ideal solution for achieving strong guest-host interactions under trace CO2 conditions. This perspective highlights recent advancements in using MOFs for DAC, examines the molecular-level effects of water vapor on trace CO2 capture, reviews data-driven computational screening methods to develop a molecularly programmable MOF platform for identifying optimal DAC sorbents, and discusses scale-up and cost of MOFs for DAC.
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Dependence of CO2 Capture, Transport, and Storage on Reservoir Leakage Risk
In the carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) process, pipeline infrastructure may be used to redirect carbon dioxide (CO2) flows from leaking geologic CO2 storage reservoirs to those with storage integrity. We developed and implemented an approach that combined results from the Leakage Risk Monetization Model (LRiMM) that monetizes leakage risk from individual reservoirs with the Scalable infrastructure Model for CO2 capture and storage (SimCCS) to determine the optimal deployment of integrated capture-transport-storage systems that are robust to leakage. We demonstrate this approach using a case study of 27 known coal-fired power plants in the U.S. state of Michigan and 42 potential CO2 storage locations in the Michigan Sedimentary Basin. We compare three cases of leakage risk: (1) as a base case, reservoir leakage risk was not considered, (2) first-of-a-kind leakage risk, which does not consider the reduction in risk from re-directing CO2 from leaking reservoirs, and (3) nth-of-a-kind risk that considers this reduction in risk. The results highlight the selection of reservoirs that quantitatively considers leakage risk, geospatial differences in infrastructure deployment that considers leakage risk, and the nominal increase in costs and total pipeline lengths for these systems.
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- PAR ID:
- 10350883
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies, GHGT-15
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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