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   Resumo Independentemente da perspetiva ou do critério de análise, os efeitos do paludismo no continente africano têm sido persistentes e profundos. Centrando-se na doença da malária e nas intervenções biomédicas do último século, Graboyes e Alidina levantam questões históricas, éticas e científicas essenciais relativamente à transmissão da verdade, à autonomia africana e às obrigações dos investigadores estrangeiros. Neste artigo, apresentam um resumo da história das iniciativas contra o paludismo que tiveram lugar em África nos últimos 120 anos, com destaque para a história global das tentativas frustradas de eliminar ou controlar a doença. Através de um estudo de caso sobre os riscos da malária ressurgente, exemplificam os problemas práticos e morais que emergem sempre que os conhecimentos históricos são ignorados. Perante os atuais apelos para que se intensifiquem os esforços em prol da erradicação da doença, Graboyes e Alidina demonstram, através de dados factuais, as razões pelas quais o conhecimento histórico tem de ser mais bem integrado nos domínios epistémicos da saúde global. 

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   Abstract We introduce theReverseSpatial Top-kKeyword (RSK)query, which is defined as:given a query term q, an integer k and a neighborhood size find all the neighborhoods of that size where q is in the top-k most frequent terms among the social posts in those neighborhoods. An obvious approach would be to partition the dataset with a uniform grid structure of a given cell size and identify the cells where this term is in the top-k most frequent keywords. However, this answer would be incomplete since it only checks for neighborhoods that are perfectly aligned with the grid. Furthermore, for every neighborhood (square) that is an answer, we can define infinitely more result neighborhoods by minimally shifting the square without including more posts in it. To address that, we need to identify contiguous regions where any point in the region can be the center of a neighborhood that satisfies the query. We propose an algorithm to efficiently answer an RSK query using an index structure consisting of a uniform grid augmented by materialized lists of term frequencies. We apply various optimizations that drastically improve query latency against baseline approaches. We also provide a theoretical model to choose the optimal cell size for the index to minimize query latency. We further examine a restricted version of the problem (RSKR) that limits the scope of the answer and propose efficientapproximatealgorithms. Finally, we examine how parallelism can improve performance by balancing the workload using a smartload slicingtechnique. Extensive experimental performance evaluation of the proposed methods using real Twitter datasets and crime report datasets, shows the efficiency of our optimizations and the accuracy of the proposed theoretical model. 

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   Sheng, Jiasheng; Gero, Zelalem; Ho, Joyce C. (October 2022, CIKM '22: Proceedings of the 31st ACM International Conference on Information & Knowledge Management)

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