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Spin systems are an attractive candidate for quantum-enhanced metrology. Here we develop a variational method to generate metrological states in small dipolar-interacting ensembles with limited qubit controls and unknown spin locations. The generated states enable sensing beyond the standard quantum limit (SQL) and approaching the Heisenberg limit (HL). Depending on the circuit depth and the level of readout noise, the resulting states resemble Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states or Spin Squeezed States (SSS). Sensing beyond the SQL holds in the presence of finite spin polarization and a non-Markovian noise environment.
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Preparation of metrological states in dipolar-interacting spin systems
Abstract Spin systems are an attractive candidate for quantum-enhanced metrology. Here we develop a variational method to generate metrological states in small dipolar-interacting spin ensembles with limited qubit control. For both regular and disordered spatial spin configurations the generated states enable sensing beyond the standard quantum limit (SQL) and, for small spin numbers, approach the Heisenberg limit (HL). Depending on the circuit depth and the level of readout noise, the resulting states resemble Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states or Spin Squeezed States (SSS). Sensing beyond the SQL holds in the presence of finite spin polarization and a non-Markovian noise environment. The developed black-box optimization techniques for small spin numbers (N ≤ 10) are directly applicable to diamond-based nanoscale field sensing, where the sensor size limitsNand conventional squeezing approaches fail.
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- PAR ID:
- 10387244
- Publisher / Repository:
- Nature Publishing Group
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- npj Quantum Information
- Volume:
- 8
- Issue:
- 1
- ISSN:
- 2056-6387
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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