The rapid growth of demand in agricultural production has created water scarcity issues worldwide. Simultaneously, climate change scenarios have projected that more frequent and severe droughts are likely to occur. Adaptive water resources management has been suggested as one strategy to better coordinate surface water and groundwater resources (i.e., conjunctive water use) to address droughts. In this study, we enhanced an aggregated water resource management tool that represents integrated agriculture, water, energy, and social systems. We applied this tool to the Yakima River Basin (YRB) in Washington State, USA. We selected four indicators of system resilience and sustainability to evaluate four adaptation methods associated with adoption behaviors in alleviating drought impacts on agriculture under RCP4.5 and RCP 8.5 climate change scenarios. We analyzed the characteristics of four adaptation methods, including greenhouses, crop planting time, irrigation technology, and managed aquifer recharge as well as alternating supply and demand dynamics to overcome drought impact. The results show that climate conditions with severe and consecutive droughts require more financial and natural resources to achieve well-implemented adaptation strategies. For long-term impact analysis, managed aquifer recharge appeared to be a cost-effective and easy-to-adopt option, whereas water entitlements are likely to get exhausted during multiple consecutive drought events. Greenhouses and water-efficient technologies are more effective in improving irrigation reliability under RCP 8.5 when widely adopted. However, implementing all adaptation methods together is the only way to alleviate most of the drought impacts projected in the future. The water resources management tool helps stakeholders and researchers gain insights in the roles of modern inventions in agricultural water cycle dynamics in the context of interactive multi-sector systems.
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Optimal Speed-based Cost of Resilience in Electrified High-speed Railway Systems
There is no doubt that there is an increase in the penetration of electrical energy into the operation of high-speed railway systems (HSR). This is even more pronounced with the increasing trends in smart electric multiple units (EMU). The operational speed serves as a metric for punctuality and safety, as well as a critical element to maintain the balance between energy supply and consumption. The speed-based regenerative energy from EMU’s braking mode could be utilized in the restoration of system operation in the aftermath of a failure. This paper optimizes the system resiliency with respect to the operational speed for the purpose of restoration by minimizing the total cost of implementing recovery measures. By simultaneously valuating the dual-impact of any given fault on the speed deterioration level from the railway operation systems (ROS) side and the power supply and demand unbalance level from the railway power systems (RPS) side, this process develops an adaptive two-dimension risk assessment scheme for prioritizing the handling of different operational zones that are cascaded in the system. With the aid of an integrated speed-based resilience cost model, we determine the optimal resilience time, speed modification plan, and energy allocation strategy. The outcome from implementing this routine in a real-world HSR offers a pioneering decision-making strategy and perspective on optimizing the resilience of an integrated system.
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- Award ID(s):
- 1847077
- NSF-PAR ID:
- 10398910
- Editor(s):
- Ellis, K.; Ferrell, W.; Knapp, J.
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Proceedings of the IISE Annual Conference & Expo 2022 K. Ellis, W. Ferrell, J. Knapp, eds.
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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Accepted Manuscript1.0
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- The DOI is not currently available.
