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On June 4-6, 2019, the NSTC NITRD Program, in collaboration with NSTC’s MLAI Subcommittee, held a workshop to assess the research challenges and opportunities at the intersection of cybersecurity and artificial intelligence. The workshop brought together senior members of the government, academic, and industrial communities to discuss the current state of the art and future research needs, and to identify key research gaps.This report is a summary of those discussions,framed around research questions and possible topics for future research directions.
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Solvent and crystallization effects on skin absorption of hydrophilic and lipophilic solutes
This publication was an oral presentation of Ms. Xu's research given at a college research conference on Apr. 1, 2023.
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- Award ID(s):
- 2124495
- PAR ID:
- 10406208
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy Research Forum
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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There is growing recognition of the importance of reciprocity between researchers and those involved in or affected by research, especially in sensitive field contexts such as disaster settings. Minimal applied guidance exists for researchers about how to practice reciprocity, however, resulting in several questions that have yet to be explored: What are the key considerations for practicing reciprocity in research? What potential unintended consequences should researchers be aware of when engaging in reciprocity? What practical strategies can help prepare researchers to engage in reciprocity and address challenges as they arise? Based on a systematic literature review—reflecting the shift of recent conceptions of reciprocity from transactional to more relational approaches—we offer a new, unifying definition of reciprocity as “an ongoing practice of critical reflection, relationship building, and exchange in which researchers are obligated to strive to produce mutual benefits for the people involved in or affected by the research process.” To motivate the practice of reciprocity, we highlight three key benefits: cultivating trust, addressing power imbalances, and improving research relevance. Additionally, through qualitative analysis of 53 research reports, we develop a typology of reciprocity in hazards and disaster research that clarifies six specific forms reciprocity can take, including: (1) centering participants and communities; (2) being empathetic and mindful of participant diversity; (3) sharing research results; (4) improving research and research team processes; (5) supporting learning, career development, or institutions; and (6) offering compensation. Finally, we outline potential challenges to practicing reciprocity and conclude with practical strategies for enhanced ethical grounding and effectiveness.more » « less
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This paper presents a brief overview of the various (related) research the author has been involved with in the area of navigation and wayfinding for people with visual impairments. The first major piece of research presented is that of the building and deployment of a beacon-based indoor navigation and wayfinding system called GuideBeacon for people with visual impairments. The second major piece of research presented is a broader community-based effort called CityGuide to enable various location-based services (including navigation and wayfinding) in both indoor and outdoor environments for people with disabilities. The paper concludes by summarizing a specific challenge in the area that warrant future research attention.more » « less
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APLU’s Charting and Expanding Needed Trails to Research Administration and Leadership (CENTRAL) Conference, convened partners from across the senior research leadership ecosystem to fulfill two key goals to enhance the professional development of Senior Research Officers (e.g. Vice Presidents of Research). First, attendees identified key paths that individuals take to arrive at senior research leadership roles, recognizing the breadth of potential pathways. Second, attendees identified the skillsets, opportunities, and barriers relevant to pursuing careers in senior research leadership. This U.S. NSF-funded conference (Award # 2324469) was a collaboration between APLU, NORDP, ARIS, and Alabama A&M University and led by PI Kevin C. Cooke. Supplementary materials, including the full proceedings report and executive summary, can be found here: https://www.aplu.org/our-work/2-fostering-research-innovation/nsf-granted-central-conference/more » « less
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Abstract BackgroundClimate change presents an imminent threat to almost all biological systems across the globe. In recent years there have been a series of studies showing how changes in climate can impact infectious disease transmission. Many of these publications focus on simulations based on in silico data, shadowing empirical research based on field and laboratory data. A synthesis work of empirical climate change and infectious disease research is still lacking. MethodsWe conducted a systemic review of research from 2015 to 2020 period on climate change and infectious diseases to identify major trends and current gaps of research. Literature was sourced from Web of Science and PubMed literary repositories using a key word search, and was reviewed using a delineated inclusion criteria by a team of reviewers. ResultsOur review revealed that both taxonomic and geographic biases are present in climate and infectious disease research, specifically with regard to types of disease transmission and localities studied. Empirical investigations on vector-borne diseases associated with mosquitoes comprised the majority of research on the climate change and infectious disease literature. Furthermore, demographic trends in the institutions and individuals published revealed research bias towards research conducted across temperate, high-income countries. We also identified key trends in funding sources for most resent literature and a discrepancy in the gender identities of publishing authors which may reflect current systemic inequities in the scientific field. ConclusionsFuture research lines on climate change and infectious diseases should considered diseases of direct transmission (non-vector-borne) and more research effort in the tropics. Inclusion of local research in low- and middle-income countries was generally neglected. Research on climate change and infectious disease has failed to be socially inclusive, geographically balanced, and broad in terms of the disease systems studied, limiting our capacities to better understand the actual effects of climate change on health. Graphical abstractmore » « less
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