This paper proposes a methodology to increase the lifetime of the central battery energy storage system (CBESS) in an islanded building-level DC microgrid (MG) and enhance the voltage quality of the system by employing the supercapacitor (SC) of electric vehicles (EVs) that utilize battery-SC hybrid energy storage systems. To this end, an adaptive filtration-based (FB) current-sharing strategy is proposed in the voltage feedback control loop of the MG that smooths the CBESS current to increase its lifetime by allocating a portion of the high-frequency current variations to the EV charger. The bandwidth of this filter is adjusted using a data-driven algorithm to guarantee that only the EV's SC absorbs the high-frequency current variations, thereby enabling the EV's battery energy storage system (BESS) to follow its standard constant current-constant voltage (CC-CV) charging profile. Therefore, the EV's SC can coordinate with the CBESS without impacting the charging profile of the EV's BESS. Also, a small-signal stability analysis is provided indicating that the proposed approach improves the marginal voltage stability of the DC MG leading to better transient response and higher voltage quality. Finally, the performance of the proposed EV charging is validated using MATLAB/Simulink and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing.
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Lite-Sparse Hierarchical Partial Power Processing for Heterogeneous Degradation of Batteries in Energy Storage Systems
Power conversion is a significant cost in second-use battery energy storage systems (2-BESS). 2-BESS is a sustainable pathway for retired batteries of electrical vehicles (EV) to provide energy storage for the grid and EV fast charging. We present and demonstrate the optimization of Lite-Sparse Hierarchical Partial Power Processing (LS-HiPPP) for battery degradation over the potential lifetime of the 2-BESS. LS-HiPPP has a significantly better performance tradeoff with lower power processing than other partial and full power processing architectures.
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- Award ID(s):
- 2146490
- NSF-PAR ID:
- 10431968
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- 2022 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 1 to 7
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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Abstract This paper proposes and develops the idea of using a community supercapacitor (SC) in an islanded DC multiple nano‐grids (MNG) system. In the proposed structure, the community SC works in tandem with the community/cloud battery energy storage system (CBESS) of the DC MNG. This combination forms a grid‐forming battery‐supercapacitor cloud hybrid energy storage system (CHESS), which is responsible for maintaining the voltage stability and power balance at the common DC bus of the MNG system. Also, to effectively utilize the SC capacity, this paper proposes a modified control structure for each DC nano‐grid enabling the local BESS units to coordinate with the community SC. Then, it is shown that, in the proposed grid‐forming CHESS technology, the output power of all the local and community BESS units has significantly smoother power variations leading to a higher battery lifetime. Additionally, it is shown that the proposed CHESS technology can improve the voltage stability of the system leading to higher voltage quality. Moreover, it is discussed analytically that the proposed CHESS technology requires less energy storage capacity for the community SC compared to its equivalent MNG with a distributed SC architecture. Finally, these results are verified by simulating two case‐study MNGs in MATLAB/Simulink.
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- Free Publicly Accessible Full Text
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Accepted Manuscript1.0
- Conference Paper:
- https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE50734.2022.9948157
