The electronics-centered approach to physical computing presents challenges when designers build tangible interactive systems due to its inherent emphasis on circuitry and electronic components. To explore an alternative physical computing approach we have developed a computer vision (CV) based system that uses a webcam, computer, and printed fiducial markers to create functional tangible interfaces. Through a series of design studios, we probed how designers build tangible interfaces with this CV-driven approach. In this paper, we apply the annotated portfolio method to reflect on the fifteen outcomes from these studios. We observed that CV markers offer versatile materiality for tangible interactions, afford the use of democratic materials for interface construction, and engage designers in embodied debugging with their own vision as a proxy for CV. By sharing our insights, we inform other designers and educators who seek alternative ways to facilitate physical computing and tangible interaction design.
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Directing Tangible Controllers with Computer Vision and Beholder
We present Beholder, a computer vision (CV) toolkit for building tangible controllers for interactive computer systems. Beholder facilitates designers to build physical inputs that are instrumented with CV markers. By observing the properties of these markers, a CV system can detect physical interactions that occur. Beholder provides a software editor that enables designers to map CV marker behavior to keyboard events; thus connecting the CV-driven tangible controllers to any software that responds to keyboard input. We propose three design scenarios for Beholder—controllers to support everyday work, alternative controllers for games, and transforming physical therapy equipment into controllers to monitor patient progress.
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- Award ID(s):
- 2040489
- PAR ID:
- 10484709
- Publisher / Repository:
- ACM
- Date Published:
- ISBN:
- 9781450394727
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 1 to 2
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Location:
- Daegu Republic of Korea
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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Researchers, educators, and multimedia designers need to better understand how mixing physical tangible objects with virtual experiences affects learning and science identity. In this novel study, a 3D-printed tangible that is an accurate facsimile of the sort of expensive glassware that chemists use in real laboratories is tethered to a laptop with a digitized lesson. Interactive educational content is increasingly being placed online, it is important to understand the educational boundary conditions associated with passive haptics and 3D-printed manipulables. Cost-effective printed objects would be particularly welcome in rural and low Socio-Economic (SES) classrooms. A Mixed Reality (MR) experience was created that used a physical 3D-printed haptic burette to control a computer-based chemistry titration experiment. This randomized control trial study with 136 college students had two conditions: 1) low-embodied control (using keyboard arrows), and 2) high-embodied experimental (physically turning a valve/stopcock on the 3D-printed burette). Although both groups displayed similar significant gains on the declarative knowledge test, deeper analyses revealed nuanced Aptitude by Treatment Interactions (ATIs). These interactions
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Computer Vision (CV) is used in a broad range of Cyber-Physical Systems such as surgical and factory floor robots and autonomous vehicles including small Unmanned Aerial Systems (sUAS). It enables machines to perceive the world by detecting and classifying objects of interest, reconstructing 3D scenes, estimating motion, and maneuvering around objects. CV algorithms are developed using diverse machine learning and deep learning frameworks, which are often deployed on limited resource edge devices. As sUAS rely upon an accurate and timely perception of their environment to perform critical tasks, problems related to CV can create hazardous conditions leading to crashes or mission failure. In this paper, we perform a systematic literature review (SLR) of CV-related challenges associated with CV, hardware, and software engineering. We then group the reported challenges into five categories and fourteen sub-challenges and present existing solutions. As current literature focuses primarily on CV and hardware challenges, we close by discussing implications for Software Engineering, drawing examples from a CV-enhanced multi-sUAS system.more » « less
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- Free Publicly Accessible Full Text
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Accepted Manuscript1.0
- Conference Paper:
- https://doi.org/10.1145/3550471.3564764
