The matricized-tensor times Khatri-Rao product (MTTKRP) computation is the typical bottleneck in algorithms for computing a CP decomposition of a tensor. In order to develop high performance sequential and parallel algorithms, we establish communication lower bounds that identify how much data movement is required for this computation in the case of dense tensors. We also present sequential and parallel algorithms that attain the lower bounds and are therefore communication optimal. In particular, we show that the structure of the computation allows for less communication than the straightforward approach of casting the computation as a matrix multiplication operation.
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Matrix Multiplication and Number On the Forehead Communication
Three-player Number On the Forehead communication may be thought of as a three-player Number In the Hand promise model, in which each player is given the inputs that are supposedly on the other two players' heads, and promised that they are consistent with the inputs of the other players. The set of all allowed inputs under this promise may be thought of as an order-3 tensor. We surprisingly observe that this tensor is exactly the matrix multiplication tensor, which is widely studied in the design of fast matrix multiplication algorithms.
Using this connection, we prove a number of results about both Number On the Forehead communication and matrix multiplication, each by using known results or techniques about the other. For example, we show how the Laser method, a key technique used to design the best matrix multiplication algorithms, can also be used to design communication protocols for a variety of problems. We also show how known lower bounds for Number On the Forehead communication can be used to bound properties of the matrix multiplication tensor such as its zeroing out subrank. Finally, we substantially generalize known methods based on slice-rank for studying communication, and show how they directly relate to the matrix multiplication exponent ω.
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- Award ID(s):
- 2238221
- NSF-PAR ID:
- 10488388
- Editor(s):
- Ta-Shma, Amnon
- Publisher / Repository:
- Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- 38th Computational Complexity Conference (CCC 2023)
- Subject(s) / Keyword(s):
- Number on the forehead communication complexity matrix multiplication Theory of computation → Communication complexity
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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- Free Publicly Accessible Full Text
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Accepted Manuscript1.0
- Conference Paper:
- https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.CCC.2023.16
