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   https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-23-0124.1  

   Randall, David A; Emanuel, Kerry (January 2024, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society)

   Abstract The atmospheric science community includes both weather and climate scientists. These two groups interact much less than they should, particularly in the United States. The schism is widespread and has persisted for 50 years or more. It is found in academic departments, laboratories, professional societies, and even funding agencies. Mending the schism would promote better, faster science. We sketch the history of the schism and suggest ways to make our community whole. 

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2. Titan's weather, climate, and paleoclimate

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3. Atmospheric Observations of Weather and Climate

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   Bluestein, Howard B.; Carr, Frederick H.; Goodman, Steven J. (August 2022, Atmosphere-Ocean)
4. A statewide, weather-regime based stochastic weather generator for process-based bottom-up climate risk assessments in California – Part I: Model evaluation

   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cliser.2024.100489  

   Najibi, Nasser; Perez, Alejandro J; Arnold, Wyatt; Schwarz, Andrew; Maendly, Romain; Steinschneider, Scott (April 2024, Climate Services)
5. A Weather‐Regime‐Based Stochastic Weather Generator for Climate Vulnerability Assessments of Water Systems in the Western United States

   https://doi.org/10.1029/2018WR024446  

   Steinschneider, Scott; Ray, Patrick; Rahat, Saiful Haque; Kucharski, John (August 2019, Water Resources Research)

   Abstract Vulnerability‐based frameworks are increasingly used to better understand water system performance under climate change. This work advances the use of stochastic weather generators for climate vulnerability assessments that simulate weather based on patterns of regional atmospheric flow (i.e., weather regimes) conditioned on global‐scale climate features. The model is semiparametric by design and includes (1) a nonhomogeneous Markov chain for weather regime simulation; (2) block bootstrapping and a Gaussian copula for multivariate, multisite weather simulation; and (3) modules to impose thermodynamic and dynamical climate change, including Clausius‐Clapeyron precipitation scaling, elevation‐dependent warming, and shifting dynamics of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). In this way, the model can be used to evaluate climate impacts on water systems based on hypotheses of dynamic and thermodynamic climate change. The model is developed and tested for cold‐season climate in the Tuolumne River Basin in California but is broadly applicable across the western United States. Results show that eight weather regimes exert strong influences over local climate in the Tuolumne Basin. Model simulations adequately preserve many of the historical statistics for precipitation and temperature across sites, including the mean, variance, skew, and extreme values. Annual precipitation and temperature are somewhat underdispersed, and precipitation spell statistics are negatively biased by 1‐2 days. For simulations of future climate, the model can generate a range of Clausius‐Clapeyron scaling relationships and modes of elevation‐dependent warming. Model simulations also suggest a muted response of Tuolumne climate to changes in ENSO variability. 

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