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Abstract MXenes exhibit remarkable properties, including high electrical conductivity, tunable surface chemistry, outstanding mechanical strength, and notable hydrophilicity. Recent advancements in bio‐functionalization have further enhanced these intrinsic characteristics, unlocking unprecedented opportunities for MXenes across a wide spectrum of applications in both biomedical and environmental domains. This review provides an in‐depth analysis of the synthesis strategies and functionalization techniques that improve MXenes' biocompatibility and expand their potential uses in cutting‐edge applications, including implantable and wearable devices, drug delivery systems, cancer therapies, tissue engineering, and advanced sensing technologies. Moreover, the review explores the utility of bio‐functionalized MXenes in areas such as corrosion protection, water purification, and food safety sensors, underscoring their versatility in addressing urgent global challenges. By conducting a critical evaluation of current research, this review not only highlights the immense potential of bio‐functionalized MXenes but also identifies pivotal gaps in the literature, offering clear pathways for future exploration and innovation in this rapidly evolving field.
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This content will become publicly available on February 5, 2026
Engineered Living Systems Based on Gelatin: Design, Manufacturing, and Applications
Abstract Engineered living systems (ELSs) represent purpose‐driven assemblies of living components, encompassing cells, biomaterials, and active agents, intricately designed to fulfill diverse biomedical applications. Gelatin and its derivatives have been used extensively in ELSs owing to their mature translational pathways, favorable biological properties, and adjustable physicochemical characteristics. This review explores the intersection of gelatin and its derivatives with fabrication techniques, offering a comprehensive examination of their synergistic potential in creating ELSs for various applications in biomedicine. It offers a deep dive into gelatin, including its structures and production, sources, processing, and properties. Additionally, the review explores various fabrication techniques employing gelatin and its derivatives, including generic fabrication techniques, microfluidics, and various 3D printing methods. Furthermore, it discusses the applications of ELSs based on gelatin in regenerative engineering as well as in cell therapies, bioadhesives, biorobots, and biosensors. Future directions and challenges in gelatin fabrication are also examined, highlighting emerging trends and potential areas for improvements and innovations. In summary, this comprehensive review underscores the significance of gelatin‐based ELSs in advancing biomedical engineering and lays the groundwork for guiding future research and developments within the field.
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- Award ID(s):
- 2225698
- PAR ID:
- 10571428
- Publisher / Repository:
- Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Advanced Materials
- Volume:
- 37
- Issue:
- 22
- ISSN:
- 0935-9648
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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