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1. Strength measurements of the $E_{\mathrm{R}}^{\mathrm{lab}}=647$ and 1842 keV resonances in the ${}^{40}\mathrm{Ca}(p,\gamma ){}^{41}\mathrm{Sc}$ reaction and their relevance in novae nucleosynthesis

   https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.111.025804  

   Sidhu, R S; deBoer, R J; Görres, J; Wiescher, M; Koros, J; Manukyan, K; Matney, M; McDonaugh, J; Picciotto, V; Sanchez, A T; et al (February 2025, Physical Review C)

   Here we report on the direct measurement of the resonance strengths of the $E_{\mathrm{R}}^{\mathrm{lab}}=647\mathrm{keV}$and 1842 keV resonances in the ${}^{40}\mathrm{Ca}(p,\gamma ){}^{41}\mathrm{Sc}$reaction. At novae temperatures, $0.2<T_9<0.7$, the ${}^{40}\mathrm{Ca}(p,\gamma ){}^{41}\mathrm{Sc}$reaction is governed by the low energy resonance at $E_{\mathrm{R}}^{\mathrm{lab}}=647\mathrm{keV}$, whereas the $E_{\mathrm{R}}^{\mathrm{lab}}=1842\mathrm{keV}$resonance serves as a normalization standard for nuclear reaction experiments within the astrophysically relevant energy range. For the $E_{\mathrm{R}}^{\mathrm{lab}}=647\mathrm{keV}$resonance, we obtain a resonance strength $\omega \gamma =(2.51\pm 0.{09}_{\mathrm{stat}}\pm 0.{22}_{\mathrm{syst}})\mathrm{meV}$, with an uncertainty a factor of 2.5 smaller than the previous direct measurement value. For the $E_{\mathrm{R}}^{\mathrm{lab}}=1842\mathrm{keV}$resonance, we obtain a resonance strength $\omega \gamma =(0.148\pm 0.{006}_{\mathrm{stat}}\pm 0.{013}_{\mathrm{syst}})\mathrm{eV}$, which is consistent with previous studies but deviates by $2\sigma$from the most recent measurement. Our results suggest ${}^{40}\mathrm{Ca}$to be a strong waiting point in the nucleosynthesis path of oxygen-neon (ONe) novae. Published by the American Physical Society2025 

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2. Measurement of the angle between jet axes in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.02$ TeV

   https://doi.org/10.1103/5bdl-cry6  

   Acharya, S; Adamová, D; Adler, A; Aglieri_Rinella, G; Agnello, M; Agrawal, N; Ahammed, Z; Ahmad, S; Ahn, S U; Ahuja, I; et al (April 2026, Physical Review C)

   This paper presents the first measurement of the angle between different jet axes (denoted as $\mathrm{\Delta }{R}_{\mathrm{axis}}$) in $\text{Pb-Pb}$collisions. The measurement is carried out in the 0–10 % most-central events at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.02$TeV. Jets are assembled by clustering charged particles at midrapidity using the $\text{anti-}{k}_{\mathrm{T}}$algorithm with resolution parameters $R=0.2$and 0.4 and transverse momenta in the intervals $40<p_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{ch}\mathrm{jet}}<140\mathrm{GeV}/c$and $80<p_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{ch}\mathrm{jet}}<140\mathrm{GeV}/c$, respectively. Measurements at these low transverse momenta enhance the sensitivity to quark-gluon plasma (QGP) effects. A comparison to models implementing various mechanisms of jet energy loss in the QGP suggests that the observed narrowing of the $\text{Pb-Pb}$distribution relative to $\mathit{pp}$can be explained if quark-initiated jets are more likely to emerge from the medium than gluon-initiated jets. These new measurements disfavor intrajet $p_{\mathrm{T}}$broadening as implemented in a simple model calculation with the Baier-Dokshitzer-Mueller-Peigne-Schiff formalism for energy loss in the QGP. The comparison of $\text{Pb-Pb}$and $\mathit{pp}$collisions shows sensitivity to the angular scale at which the QGP can resolve two independent splittings, favoring mechanisms that incorporate incoherent energy loss. 

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3. Observation of the ${\mathrm{\Xi }}_b^{-}\to \psi \left(2S\right){\mathrm{\Xi }}^{-}$ decay and studies of the ${\mathrm{\Xi }}_b(5945{)}^0$ baryon in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13\mathrm{TeV}$

   https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.110.012002  

   Hayrapetyan, A; Tumasyan, A; Adam, W; Andrejkovic, J W; Bergauer, T; Chatterjee, S; Damanakis, K; Dragicevic, M; Hussain, P S; Jeitler, M; et al (July 2024, Physical review)

   The first observation of the decay ${\mathrm{\Xi }}_b^{-}\to \psi \left(2S\right){\mathrm{\Xi }}^{-}$and measurement of the branching ratio of ${\mathrm{\Xi }}_b^{-}\to \psi \left(2S\right){\mathrm{\Xi }}^{-}$to ${\mathrm{\Xi }}_b^{-}\to J/\psi {\mathrm{\Xi }}^{-}$are presented. The $J/\psi$and $\psi \left(2S\right)$mesons are reconstructed using their dimuon decay modes. The results are based on proton-proton colliding beam data from the LHC collected by the CMS experiment at $\sqrt{s}=13\mathrm{TeV}$in 2016–2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $140{\mathrm{fb}}^{-1}$. The branching fraction ratio is measured to be $\mathcal{B}\left({\mathrm{\Xi }}_b^{-}\to \psi \left(2S\right){\mathrm{\Xi }}^{-}\right)/\mathcal{B}\left({\mathrm{\Xi }}_b^{-}\to J/\psi {\mathrm{\Xi }}^{-}\right)=0.84_{-0.19}^{+0.21}\left(\mathrm{stat}\right)\pm 0.10\left(\mathrm{syst}\right)\pm 0.02\left(\mathcal{B}\right)$, where the last uncertainty comes from the uncertainties in the branching fractions of the charmonium states. New measurements of the ${\mathrm{\Xi }}_b(5945{)}^0$baryon mass and natural width are also presented, using the ${\mathrm{\Xi }}_b^{-}{\pi }^{+}$final state, where the ${\mathrm{\Xi }}_b^{-}$baryon is reconstructed through the decays $J/\psi {\mathrm{\Xi }}^{-}$, $\psi \left(2S\right){\mathrm{\Xi }}^{-}$, $J/\psi \mathrm{\Lambda }{K}^{-}$, and $J/\psi {\mathrm{\Sigma }}^0{K}^{-}$. Finally, the fraction of ${\mathrm{\Xi }}_b^{-}$baryons produced from ${\mathrm{\Xi }}_b(5945{)}^0$decays is determined. © 2024 CERN, for the CMS Collaboration2024CERN 

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4. Magneto-optical trap of titanium atoms

   https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.7.023025  

   Eustice, Scott; Schrott, Jackson; Stöltzel, Anke; Wolf, Julian; Novoa, Diego; Cassella, Kayleigh; Stamper-Kurn, Dan M (April 2025, Physical Review Research)

   We realize a magneto-optical trap (MOT) of titanium (Ti) atoms, performing laser cooling on the 498 nm transition between the long-lived $3{\mathrm{d}}^3\left({}^4\mathrm{F}\right)4\mathrm{s}{\mathrm{a}}^5{\mathrm{F}}_5$metastable state and the $3{\mathrm{d}}^3\left({}^4\mathrm{F}\right)4\mathrm{p}{\mathrm{y}}^5{\mathrm{G}}_6^{\mathrm{o}}$excited state. Without the addition of any repumping light, we observe MOTs of the three stable, $I=0$bosonic isotopes, ${}^{46}\mathrm{Ti}, {}^{48}\mathrm{Ti}$, and ${}^{50}\mathrm{Ti}$. Up to $8.30\left(26\right)\times {10}^5{}^{48}\mathrm{Ti}$atoms are trapped at a maximum density of $1.3\left(4\right)\times {10}^{11}{\mathrm{cm}}^{-3}$and at a temperature of $90\left(15\right)\mu \mathrm{K}$. By measuring the decay of the MOT, we constrain the leakage branching ratio of the cooling transition ( $\le 2.5\times {10}^{-6}$) and the two-body loss coefficient ( $\le 2\times {10}^{-10}{\mathrm{cm}}^3{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$). Our approach to laser cooling Ti can be applied to other transition metals, enabling a significant expansion of the elements that can be laser cooled. Published by the American Physical Society2025 

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5. Asymptotic normalization coefficients for $\alpha +{}^{12}\mathrm{C}$ synthesis and the $S$ factor for ${}^{12}\mathrm{C}(\alpha ,\gamma ){}^{16}\mathrm{O}$ radiative capture

   https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.110.055803  

   Mukhamedzhanov, A M; deBoer, R J; Irgaziev, B F; Blokhintsev, L D; Kadyrov, A S; Savin, D A (November 2024, Physical Review C)

   : The ${}^{12}\mathrm{C}(\alpha ,\gamma ){}^{16}\mathrm{O}$reaction, determining the survival of carbon in red giants, is of interest for nuclear reaction theory and nuclear astrophysics. A specific feature of the ${}^{16}\mathrm{O}$nuclear structure is the presence of two subthreshold bound states, (6.92 MeV, $2^{+}$) and (7.12 MeV, $1^{-}$), that dominate the behavior of the low-energy $S$factor. The strength of these subthreshold states is determined by their asymptotic normalization coefficients (ANCs), which need to be known with high accuracy. : The objective of this research is to examine how the subthreshold and ground-state ANCs impact the low-energy $S$factor, especially at the key astrophysical energy of $300\mathrm{keV}$. The $S$factors are calculated within the framework of the $R$-matrix method using the code. Our total $S$factor takes into account the $E1$and $E2$transitions to the ground state of ${}^{16}\mathrm{O}$including the interference of the subthreshold and higher resonances, which also interfere with the corresponding direct captures, and cascade radiative captures to the ground state of ${}^{16}\mathrm{O}$through four subthreshold states: $0_2^{+},3^{-},2^{+}$, and $1^{-}$. To evaluate the impact of subthreshold ANCs on the low-energy $S$factor, we employ two sets of the ANCs. The first selection, which offers higher ANC values, is attained through the extrapolation process [Blokhintsev , ]. The set with low ANC values was employed by deBoer []. A detailed comparison of the $S$factors at the most effective astrophysical energy of 300 keV is provided, along with an investigation into how the ground-state ANC affects this $S$factor. : The contribution to the total $E1$and $E2S$factors from the corresponding subthreshold resonances at $300\mathrm{keV}$are $(71–74)\%$and $(102–103)\%$, respectively. The correlation of the uncertainties of the subthreshold ANCs with the $E1$and $E2S\left(300\mathrm{keV}\right)$factors is found. The $E1$transition of the subthreshold resonance $1^{-}$does not depend on the ground-state ANC but interferes constructively with a broad $(9.585\mathrm{MeV};1^{-})$resonance giving (for the present subthreshold ANC) an additional $26\%$contribution to the total $E1S\left(300\mathrm{keV}\right)$factor. Interference of the $E2$transition through the subthreshold resonance $2^{+}$with direct capture is almost negligible for small ground-state ANC of $58{\mathrm{fm}}^{-1/2}$. However, its interference with direct capture for higher ground-state ANC of $337{\mathrm{fm}}^{-1/2}$is significant and destructive, contributing $-27\%$. The low-energy $S_{E2}\left(300\mathrm{keV}\right)$factor experiences a smaller increase when both subthfreshold and the ground-state ANCs rise together due to their anticorrelation, compared to when only the subthreshold ANCs increase. Published by the American Physical Society2024 

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