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Abstract Nonionic surfactants are increasingly being applied in oil recovery processes due to their stability and low adsorption onto mineral surfaces. However, these surfactants lead to the production of emulsified oil that is extremely stable and difficult to separate by conventional methods. This research characterizes the stability of crude oil mixed with a nonionic surfactant, L24–22, in a brine solution. When subjected to gravity separation, a middle oil‐rich and bottom water‐rich emulsion are generated for various water–oil ratios. Thermal treatments can effectively break oil‐rich emulsions, but the bottom water layer remains contaminated with micron‐sized crude oil droplets. A magnetic nanoparticle treatment is shown to demulsify the crude oil emulsions, dropping the total organic carbon (TOC) in the water layer from 1470 to 30 ppm.
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This content will become publicly available on November 19, 2025
Understanding Separation of Oil–Water Emulsions by High Surface Area Polymer Gels Using Experimental and Simulation Techniques
This work examines the functional dependence of the efficiency of separation of oil−water emulsions on surfactant adsorption abilities of high surface area polymer gels. The work also develops an understanding of the factors and steps that are involved in emulsion separation processes using polymer gels. The work considers four polymer gels offering different surface energy values, namely, syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS), polyimide (PI), polyurea (PUA), and silica. The data reveal that surfactant adsorption abilities directly control the emulsion separation performance. The gels of sPS and PI destabilize the emulsions due to significant surfactant adsorption. The surfactant-lean oil droplets are then absorbed in the pores of sPS and PI gels due to the preferential wettability of the oil phase. The PUA and silica gels are more hydrophilic and show a lower surfactant adsorption ability. These gels cannot effectively remove the surfactant molecules from the emulsions, leading to a poor emulsion separation performance. The study uses simulation data to understand the adsorption characteristics of two poly(ethylene oxide)- poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) block copolymer surfactants. The simulation results are used for the interpretation of emulsion separation performance by the gels.
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- Award ID(s):
- 2114640
- PAR ID:
- 10611842
- Publisher / Repository:
- Langmuir
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Langmuir
- Volume:
- 40
- Issue:
- 46
- ISSN:
- 0743-7463
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 24622 to 24633
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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