Brace roots (roots developing from aerial stem nodes) are a type of adventitious root that develop from aboveground stem nodes in many monocots. Brace roots may remain aerial or penetrate the soil as they perform root functions such as anchorage and resource acquisition. Although brace root development in soil or aerial environments influences function, a lot is still unknown about how their anatomy, architecture and development contributes to their function. This article summarizes the current state of knowledge on brace roots.
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Stem-borne roots as a framework to study trans-organogenesis and uncover fundamental insights in developmental biology
Plants have a remarkable ability to generate organs with a different identity to the parent organ, called ‘trans-organogenesis’. An example of trans-organogenesis is the formation of roots from stems (a type of adventitious root), which is the first type of root that arose during plant evolution. Despite being ancestral, stem-borne roots are often contextualised through lateral root research, implying that lateral roots precede adventitious roots. In this review we challenge that idea, highlight what is known about stem-borne root development across the plant kingdom, the remarkable diversity in form and function, and the many remaining evolutionary questions. Exploring stem-borne root evolutionary development can enhance our understanding of developmental decision making and the processes by which cells acquire their fates.
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- Award ID(s):
- 2109189
- PAR ID:
- 10617674
- Publisher / Repository:
- Science Direct
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Current Opinion in Plant Biology
- Volume:
- 81
- Issue:
- C
- ISSN:
- 1369-5266
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 102604
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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