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1. Cosmological constraints on dark neutrino towers

   https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.111.015024  

   Anchordoqui, Luis A; Antoniadis, Ignatios; Lüst, Dieter; Peñaló_Castillo, Karem (January 2025, Physical Review D)

   We reexamine a dynamical dark matter model with Kaluza-Klein (KK) towers of gravitons and neutrinos fitting together in the dark dimension. We show that even though gravitational decays of neutrino KK towers have little impact in cosmology, the weak decay channel could have significant cosmological effects. Taking conservative upper bounds on the dark matter decay rate into two photons before reionization and on the number of effective extra neutrino species $\mathrm{\Delta }{N}_{\mathrm{eff}}$, we derive constraints on the conversion rate from active to sterile species despite the dependence of the mixing angle on the KK mode mass. We also provide counterarguments to a recent claim suggesting that the bounds on $\mathrm{\Delta }{N}_{\mathrm{eff}}$rule out micron-sized extra dimensions. Published by the American Physical Society2025 

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2. Radiative Corrections to Superallowed $\beta$ Decays in Effective Field Theory

   https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.211801  

   Cirigliano, Vincenzo; Dekens, Wouter; de_Vries, Jordy; Gandolfi, Stefano; Hoferichter, Martin; Mereghetti, Emanuele (November 2024, Physical Review Letters)

   The accuracy of $V_{ud}$determinations from superallowed $\beta$decays critically hinges on control over radiative corrections. Recently, substantial progress has been made on the single-nucleon, universal corrections, while nucleus-dependent effects, typically parametrized by a quantity ${\delta }_{\mathrm{NS}}$, are much less well constrained. Here, we lay out a program to evaluate this correction from effective field theory (EFT), highlighting the dominant terms as predicted by the EFT power counting. Moreover, we compare the results to a dispersive representation of ${\delta }_{\mathrm{NS}}$and show that the expected momentum scaling applies even in the case of low-lying intermediate states. Our EFT framework paves the way toward calculations of ${\delta }_{\mathrm{NS}}$and thereby addresses the dominant uncertainty in $V_{ud}$. Published by the American Physical Society2024 

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3. Candidate de Sitter vacua

   https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.111.086015  

   McAllister, Liam; Moritz, Jakob; Nally, Richard; Schachner, Andreas (April 2025, Physical Review D)

   We construct compactifications of type IIB string theory that yield, at leading order in the ${\alpha }^{\prime }$and $g_s$expansions, de Sitter vacua of the form envisioned by Kachru We specify explicit Calabi-Yau orientifolds and quantized fluxes for which we derive the four-dimensional effective supergravity theories, incorporating the exact flux superpotential, the nonperturbative superpotential from Euclidean D3-branes, and the Kähler potential at tree level in the string loop expansion but to all orders in ${\alpha }^{\prime }$. Each example includes a Klebanov-Strassler throat region containing a single anti-D3-brane, whose supersymmetry-breaking energy, computed at leading order in ${\alpha }^{\prime }$, causes an uplift to a metastable de Sitter vacuum in which all moduli are stabilized. Finding vacua that demonstrably survive subleading corrections, and in which the quantization conditions are completely understood, is an important open problem for which this work has prepared the foundations. Published by the American Physical Society2025 

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4. Rationality in four dimensions

   https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.109.105018  

   Rastelli, Leonardo; Rayhaun, Brandon C (May 2024, Physical Review D)

   By leveraging the physics of the Higgs branch, we argue that the conformal central charges $a$and $c$of an arbitrary 4D $\mathcal{N}=2$superconformal field theory (SCFT) are rational numbers. Our proof of the rationality of $c$is conditioned on a well-supported conjecture about how the Higgs branch of an SCFT is encoded in its protected chiral algebra. To establish the rationality of $a$, we further rely on a widely believed technical assumption on the high-temperature limit of the superconformal index. Published by the American Physical Society2024 

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5. Impact of LHC precision measurements of inclusive jet and dijet production on the CTEQ-TEA global PDF fit

   https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.111.036033  

   Ablat, Alim; Dulat, Sayipjamal; Hou, Tie-Jiun; Huston, Joey; Nadolsky, Pavel; Sitiwaldi, Ibrahim; Xie, Keping; Yuan, C-P (February 2025, Physical Review D)

   In this study, we investigate the impact of new Large Hadron Collider (LHC) inclusive jet and dijet measurements on parton distribution functions (PDFs) that describe the proton structure, with a particular focus on the gluon distribution at large momentum fraction, $x$, and the corresponding partonic luminosities. We assess constraints from these datasets using next-to-next-to-leading-order (NNLO) theoretical predictions, accounting for a range of uncertainties from scale dependence and numerical integration. From the scale choices available for the calculations, our analysis shows that the central predictions for inclusive jet production show a smaller scale dependence than dijet production. We examine the relative constraints on the gluon distribution provided by the inclusive jet and dijet distributions, and also explore the phenomenological implications for inclusive $H$, $t\overline{t}$, and $t\overline{t}H$production at the LHC at 14 TeV. Published by the American Physical Society2025 

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