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4. The role of the plasmon in interfacial charge transfer

   https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adp3353  

   Ostovar, Behnaz; Lee, Stephen A; Mehmood, Arshad; Farrell, Kieran; Searles, Emily K; Bourgeois, Briley; Chiang, Wei-Yi; Misiura, Anastasiia; Gross, Niklas; Al-Zubeidi, Alexander; et al (July 2024, Science Advances)

   The lack of a detailed mechanistic understanding for plasmon-mediated charge transfer at metal-semiconductor interfaces severely limits the design of efficient photovoltaic and photocatalytic devices. A major remaining question is the relative contribution from indirect transfer of hot electrons generated by plasmon decay in the metal to the semiconductor compared to direct metal-to-semiconductor interfacial charge transfer. Here, we demonstrate an overall electron transfer efficiency of 44 ± 3% from gold nanorods to titanium oxide shells when excited on resonance. We prove that half of it originates from direct interfacial charge transfer mediated specifically by exciting the plasmon. We are able to distinguish between direct and indirect pathways through multimodal frequency-resolved approach measuring the homogeneous plasmon linewidth by single-particle scattering spectroscopy and time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy with variable pump wavelengths. Our results signify that the direct plasmon-induced charge transfer pathway is a promising way to improve hot carrier extraction efficiency by circumventing metal intrinsic decay that results mainly in nonspecific heating. 

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5. On the Mass Transfer in the 3D Pitaevskii Model

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   Jang, Juhi; Jayanti, Pranava_Chaitanya; Kukavica, Igor (May 2024, Journal of Mathematical Fluid Mechanics)

   Abstract We examine a micro-scale model of superfluidity derived by Pitaevskii (Sov. Phys. JETP 8:282-287, 1959) which describes the interacting dynamics between superfluid He-4 and its normal fluid phase. This system consists of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation and the incompressible, inhomogeneous Navier-Stokes equations, coupled to each other via a bidirectional nonlinear relaxation mechanism. The coupling permits mass/momentum/energy transfer between the phases, and accounts for the conversion of superfluid into normal fluid. We prove the existence of global weak solutions in$${\mathbb {T}}^3$$ $T^3$for a power-type nonlinearity, beginning from small initial data. The main challenge is to control the inter-phase mass transfer in order to ensure the strict positivity of the normal fluid density, while obtaining time-independent a priori estimates. 

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