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The management of RF spectrum resources between heterogeneous RF devices has become more challenging with the advent of 5G, 6G and the desire to enable more spectrum sharing interactions in different bands. Most of the research on Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) algorithms considers non-cooperative scenarios with RF devices using omnidirectional antennas. In this paper, we study the effects of antenna directionality on cooperative DSA. Specifically, we develop a custom simulator for large-scale DSA networks that leverages IEEE 1900.5.2 Spectrum Consumption Models (SCMs) to enable coordination and computation of aggregate interference to deconflict spectrum use in large scale scenarios. SCMs offer a mechanism for RF devices to describe the characteristics of their use of spectrum and their needs in terms of interference protection. We create SCMs for RF systems with directional antennas based on measurements from a directional mmWave antenna and from the operational characteristics defined by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). We leverage these SCMs to perform a comparative analysis of spectrum use efficiency in cooperative DSA networks with up-to 300 links of transmitter-receiver RF devices using omnidirectional antennas vs similar networks using directional antennas with different half-power beam widths. The simulation results show the benefits to spectrum use efficiency that can be achieved with directional antennas and how largescale DSA methods can be studied and designed with the use of SCMs that incorporate detailed characteristics of directional antennas.
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POST: Programmable Open Spectrum Twin for Enhanced Spectrum Sharing in 6G Bands
This paper puts forward an advanced dynamic spectrum sharing framework, POST (Programmable Open Spectrum Twin) for 6G bands. By combining O-RAN (Open Radio Access Network) and DT (Digital Twin) technologies, POST addresses the limitations of legacy spectrum-sharing systems like TV White Space (TVWS) and Spectrum Access System (SAS) and even recent developments like Proactive Spectrum Adaptation Scheme (ProSAS). Key features of POST include real-time monitoring and prediction of spectrum-sharing scenarios, creation of new spectrum opportunities for 6G cellular infrastructure and the future provision of protection of incumbent users in the mid bands. POST integrates AI/ML for intelligent decision-making, enabling dynamic resource optimization and proactive interference management. Unlike the state-of-the-art, POST offers enhanced real-time adaptability, improved interference mitigation, scalability in complex environments, and “what-if” simulation capabilities for policy testing. These innovations position POST as a crucial technology for fostering sustainable spectrum utilization and establishing a robust foundation for 6G and beyond networks.
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- Award ID(s):
- 2128584
- PAR ID:
- 10660201
- Publisher / Repository:
- IEEE, IEEExplore
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- IEEE Communications Standards Magazine
- ISSN:
- 2471-2825
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 1 to 9
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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This paper introduces ASCENT (context Aware Spectrum Coexistence Design and Implementation) toolset, an advanced context-aware terrestrial satellite spectrum sharing toolset designed for researchers, policymakers, and regulators. It serves two essential purposes (a) evaluating the potential for harmful interference to primary users in satellite bands and (b) facilitating the analysis, design, and implementation of diverse regulatory policies on spectrum usage and sharing. Notably, ASCENT implements a closed-loop feedback system that allows dynamic adaptation of policies according to a wide range of contextual factors (e.g., weather, buildings, summer/winter foliage, etc.) and feedback on the impact of these policies through realistic simulation. Specifically, ASCENT comprises the following components (i) interference evaluation tool for evaluating interference at the incumbents in a spectrum-sharing environment while taking the underlying contexts, (ii) dynamic spectrum access (DSA) framework for providing context-aware instructions to adapt networking parameters and control secondary terrestrial network's access to the shared spectrum band according to context aware prioritization, (iii) Context broker to acquire essential and relevant contexts from external context information providers; and (iv) DSA Database to store dynamic and static contexts and the regulator's policy information. The closed-loop feedback system of ASCENT is implemented by integrating these components in a modular software architecture. A case study of sharing the lower 12 GHz Ku band (12.2-12.7 GHz) with the 5G terrestrial cellular network is considered, and the usability of ASCENT is demonstrated by dynamically changing exclusion zone's radius in different weather conditions.more » « less
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As radio spectrum becomes increasingly scarce, coexistence and bidirectional sharing between active and passive systems becomes a crucial target. In the past, spectrum regulations conferred radio astronomy a status on par with active services, thereby protecting their extreme sensitivity against any harmful interference. However, passive systems are likely to lose exclusive allocations as capacity constraints for active systems increase. The resulting increase in ambient radio frequency noise from various terrestrial and non-terrestrial emitters can only be mitigated with informed collaboration between active and passive users. While coexistence using time-division spectrum access has been proposed in the past, a more dynamic approach following the CBRS sharing principle promises greater spectral occupancy and efficiency, enabled by a spectrum access system capable of constantly monitoring the ambient RF environment. Instead of simply minimizing the potential for any ”harmful” interference to passive users, the goal is to use good engineering to enable sharing between active and passive users. To this end, this research created a Software Defined Radio (SDR)-based testbed at the the Hat Creek Radio Observatory to quantitatively characterize the radio-frequency environment, and flag potential sources of radio frequency interference in the vicinity of the Allen Telescope Array. Sensor validation was carried out via data analysis of I/Q data collected in well-characterized RF bands. Results so far from ground and drone-based surveys are consistent with the expected sources of interference, based on both the deployment of static RF transmitters in the Hat Creek/Redding area as well as the interference detected in telescope observations themselves.more » « less
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- Free Publicly Accessible Full Text
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Accepted Manuscript1.0
- Journal Article:
- https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOMSTD.2025.3645000
