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Hybrid organic–inorganic MXenes (h-MXenes) are a novel class of two-dimensional materials with tuneable structural and chemical properties, making them promising candidates for electronic and structural applications as well as platforms for exploring novel physical phenomena [1]. In this study, we employ aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) at both room and cryogenic temperatures to investigate the formation and behaviour of ripplocations—localized ripple-like distortions—in h-MXenes. Our findings reveal that ripplocations are abundant in these materials and can be induced in situ with high precision under controlled electron beam exposure. 

Ti₃C₂T_xMXene membranes have attracted considerable interest due to their exceptional water transport properties, yet the role of cation intercalation on governing transport remains poorly understood. In this experimental and theoretical study, it shows how intercalation with K⁺, Na⁺, Li⁺, Ca²⁺, and Mg²⁺modulates both the nanochannel architecture and water flux of Ti₃C₂T_xmembranes. Unlike in graphene oxide analogs, cations with larger hydration diameters in Ti₃C₂T_xexpand the interlayer spacing, widening flow channels, enhancing slip length of these nanochannels, and boosting water flux from 31.45 to 61.86 L m⁻² h⁻¹. To overcome intrinsically poor adhesion of Ti₃C₂T_xto polymeric supports, this study incorporates a thin polyvinyl‐alcohol interlayer, which substantially enhances mechanical robustness and structural integrity. Together, these findings elucidate how cation hydration controls water transport and offer a flexible strategy for tailoring MXene membrane performance.