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Acquiring downlink channel state information (CSI) at the base station is vital for optimizing performance in massive Multiple input multiple output (MIMO) Frequency-Division Duplexing (FDD) systems. While deep learning architectures have been successful in facilitating UE-side CSI feedback and gNB side recovery, the undersampling issue prior to CSI feedback is often overlooked. This issue, which arises from low-density pilot placement in current standards, results in significant aliasing effects in outdoor channels and consequently limits CSI recovery performance. To this end, this work introduces a new CSI upsampling framework at the gNB as a post-processing solution to address the gaps caused by undersampling. Leveraging the physical principles of discrete Fourier transform shifting theorem and multipath reciprocity, our framework effectively uses uplink CSI to mitigate aliasing effects. We further develop a learning based method that integrates the proposed algorithm with the Iterative Shrinkage-Thresholding Algorithm Net (ISTA-Net) architecture, enhancing our approach for non-uniform sampling recovery. Our numerical results show that both our rule-based and deep learning methods significantly outperform traditional interpolation techniques and current state-of-the-art approaches in terms of performance.more » « lessFree, publicly-accessible full text available August 2, 2025
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Human body motion segmentation plays a major role in many applications, ranging from computer vision to robotics. Among a variety of algorithms, graph-based approaches have demonstrated exciting potential in motion analysis owing to their power to capture the underlying correlations among joints. However, most existing works focus on simpler single-layer geometric structures, whereas multi-layer spatial-temporal graph structure can provide more informative results. To provide an interpretable analysis on multilayer spatial-temporal structures, we revisit the emerging field of multilayer graph signal processing (M-GSP), and propose novel approaches based on M-GSP to human motion segmentation. Specifically, we model the spatial-temporal relationships via multilayer graphs (MLG) and introduce M-GSP spectrum analysis for feature extraction.We present two different M-GSP based algorithms for unsupervised segmentation in the MLG spectrum and vertex domains, respectively. Our experimental results demonstrate the robustness and effectiveness of our proposed methods.more » « less