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We report advances in packaging and testing for existing Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) chips that extend their longevity and reusability, thus increasing their effectiveness in monitoring cell viability and facilitating concurrent visual inspection. We created several Printed Circuit Board (PCB) designs aimed at mitigating packaging failures while facilitating data collection using a microcontroller ensuring the creation of a reliable and replaceable cell viability measurement device. Using 3D Modeling software and programming Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA), we developed a rapidly interchangeable test platform and established a data readout system. These advancements notably enhance research efficiency and data quality by minimizing downtime and improving the correlation of capacitance measurements with direct visual observations of cell behavior. 

https://aera24-aera.ipostersessions.com/?s=BD-08-2E-A2-1B-EE-23-2E-10-77-1E-F4-32-6C-83-29 

The rapid expansion of Artificial Intelligence (AI) necessitates a need for educating students to become knowledgeable of AI and aware of its interrelated technical, social, and human implications. The latter (ethics) is particularly important to K-12 students because they may have been interacting with AI through everyday technology without realizing it. They may be targeted by AI generated fake content on social media and may have been victims of algorithm bias in AI applications of facial recognition and predictive policing. To empower students to recognize ethics related issues of AI, this paper reports the design and implementation of a suite of ethics activities embedded in the Developing AI Literacy (DAILy) curriculum. These activities engage students in investigating bias of existing technologies, experimenting with ways to mitigate potential bias, and redesigning the YouTube recommendation system in order to understand different aspects of AI-related ethics issues. Our observations of implementing these lessons among adolescents and exit interviews show that students were highly engaged and became aware of potential harms and consequences of AI tools in everyday life after these ethics lessons. 

Spectral line shapes provide a window into the local environment coupled to a quantum transition in the condensed phase. In this paper, we build upon a stochastic model to account for non-stationary background processes produced by broad-band pulsed laser stimulation, as distinguished from those for stationary phonon bath. In particular, we consider the contribution of pair-fluctuations arising from the full bosonic many-body Hamiltonian within a mean-field approximation, treating the coupling to the system as a stochastic noise term. Using the Itô transformation, we consider two limiting cases for our model, which lead to a connection between the observed spectral fluctuations and the spectral density of the environment. In the first case, we consider a Brownian environment and show that this produces spectral dynamics that relax to form dressed excitonic states and recover an Anderson–Kubo-like form for the spectral correlations. In the second case, we assume that the spectrum is Anderson–Kubo like and invert to determine the corresponding background. Using the Jensen inequality, we obtain an upper limit for the spectral density for the background. The results presented here provide the technical tools for applying the stochastic model to a broad range of problems. 

Dinoflagellates of the Symbiodiniaceae family encompass diverse symbionts that are critical to corals and other species living in coral reefs. It is well known that sexual reproduction enhances adaptive evolution in changing environments. Although genes related to meiotic functions were reported in Symbiodiniaceae, cytological evidence of meiosis and fertilisation are however yet to be observed in these taxa. Using transcriptome and genome data from 21 Symbiodiniaceae isolates, we studied genes that encode proteins associated with distinct stages of meiosis and syngamy. We report the absence of genes that encode main components of the synaptonemal complex (SC), a protein structure that mediates homologous chromosomal pairing and class I crossovers. This result suggests an independent loss of canonical SCs in the alveolates, that also includes the SC-lacking ciliates. We hypothesise that this loss was due in part to permanently condensed chromosomes and repeat-rich sequences in Symbiodiniaceae (and other dinoflagellates) which favoured the SC-independent class II crossover pathway. Our results reveal novel insights into evolution of the meiotic molecular machinery in the ecologically important Symbiodiniaceae and in other eukaryotes.